研削加工は，あらゆる材料に適用できる万能的 な加工法として広く用いられている.しかし，そ の工具である研削砥石は砥粒（非常に硬度の高い 鉱物質）を結合剤で固めたものであるため，砥粒 切れ刃はその形状も位置も不確かで，捉えどころ がない.それにもかかわらず，比較的容易に高精 細な仕上面が得られる魅力がある.一方，加工ェ ネルギ一が大きく，仕上面に熱損傷を生じやす い.%The mechanism of workpiece removal in grinding is generally explained under consideration of tribological aspects. Grain depth of cut, average cross-sectional area of grinding chips and average cutting-edge spacing are derived theoretically. The given values, however, are not decisive, but change with wheel wear and three-dimensional distribution of cutting edges. Characteristics of wheel-to-workpiece contact are experimentally examined. Cutting ability of abrasive grains, successive cutting-edge spacing, temperature of wheel-to-workpiece contact zone and grinding forces widely change with wheel ware.
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