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Silk yarn degumming - a practical know-how

机译：真丝脱胶-实用知识

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摘要

Natural fibres contain miscellaneous'things that are derived from nature, These are pectin, grease, wax, inorganic substances, colouring matter etc. Apart from these some secondary impurities like oil, starch, etc are also present in the fibre which were mainly added to make twisting and weaving easy. These impurities obstruct dyeing as well as prevent the fibre from exhibiting its merits, thus deteriorating the yarn quality and as well as the ultimate products. Thus it is necessary to eliminate them prior to chemical processing. In the raw silk there is about 20 - 30% protein called sericin is present. Besides this, miscellaneous substances and secondary adhesive are also present which make the silk coarse, lacking lusture, thus hampering the merit of silk. The process of eliminating sericin from raw silk is known as degumming. The purpose of silk degumming is mainly three fold (ⅰ) to remove the sericin content, (ⅱ) to remove the reagent added by the twister during soaking of raw silk and (ⅲ) to remove dirt picked up during reeling, doubling and twisting operations. Keeping in mind the end requirement degumming is done to varying degrees so as to obtain a fine balance of softness, suppleness and the requisite lusture.
机译：天然纤维中含有来自自然界的杂物，包括果胶，油脂，蜡，无机物，色素等。除这些次要杂质外，纤维中还存在油，淀粉等次要杂质，这些杂质主要是使加捻和编织变得容易。这些杂质会阻碍染色，并阻止纤维发挥其优点，从而降低纱线质量和最终产品。因此，有必要在化学处理之前消除它们。在生丝中，大约有20-30％的蛋白称为丝胶。除此之外，还存在杂物和辅助胶粘剂，这些杂物和辅助胶粘剂使丝绸变粗，缺乏光泽，从而妨碍了丝绸的优点。从生丝中除去丝胶的过程称为脱胶。蚕丝脱胶的目的主要是三倍（ⅰ）以除去丝胶的含量，（ⅱ）以除去浸泡在生丝浸泡过程中加捻器添加的试剂，以及（ⅲ）除去在卷取，加倍和加捻操作中拾取的污垢。 。请记住，对最终要求进行脱胶的程度有所不同，以便在柔软度，柔软度和所需的光泽度之间取得良好的平衡。

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