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Emporium of glamour and sanctum of scientific management: The early twentieth century department store

机译：科学管理的魅力和圣殿：20世纪初的百货商店

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The early decades of the twentieth century witnessed a significant transformation in managerial control practices within the US department store. New principles of scientific management, already employed on the factory floor, were now implemented on the retail "shop floor". The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into this transition by examining three such scientific management initiatives introduced by store management during this era. The paper draws on a number of sources in its historical examination of early department store scientific management initiatives. These include archival records, published literature of the era, and particularly the proceedings of meetings of the annual Controllers Congress of the National Retail Dry Goods Association (US). The paper finds how notions of the rationality of science reined over such store operations as inventory valuation, credit control and overhead expense allocation. Traditional positions of power were recast and new managerial roles created in the name of science. The paper illustrates the insights that can be gained from an examination of scientific management practices in an alternative arena to the factory floor. Further historical research in the area of retail management may prove productive not only for our understanding of this site but also our knowledge of the process by which new managerial initiatives become assimilated. The study of the managerial practices of such vast organizational forms proves fruitful not only for the history scholar. Given the centrality of the department store in the creation of a contemporary culture of consumption, such examination becomes all the more insightful.
机译：二十世纪初期，美国百货商店内的管理控制方式发生了重大变化。已经在工厂车间采用的科学管理新原则，现在在零售“车间”实施。本文的目的是通过考察这个时代商店管理引入的三种科学管理举措来提供对这一转变的见解。本文在对早期百货商店科学管理举措的历史考察中借鉴了许多资料。其中包括档案记录，该时代的已出版文献，尤其是全国零售干货协会（US）年度控制者大会的会议记录。本文发现科学合理性的概念如何在诸如存货评估，信贷控制和间接费用分配之类的商店运营中受到控制。传统权力的角色被重新塑造，以科学的名义创造了新的管理角色。本文说明了在工厂车间以外的其他领域中通过检查科学管理实践可以获得的见解。零售管理领域的进一步历史研究可能不仅对我们对该站点的了解而且对我们对新管理计划被吸收的过程的了解也很有用。对如此庞大的组织形式的管理实践的研究不仅对历史学者证明是卓有成效的。考虑到百货商店在创造当代消费文化中的核心地位，这种检查变得更加有见地。

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