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Adaptation of allocation of resources and attention in response to external shocks The case of Southwest Airlines

机译：适应资源分配和注意力以应对外部冲击-西南航空公司的案例

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Purpose - The basic assumption in strategic management is that consistently high performing companies are able to adapt effectively to external shocks. While adaptation of allocation of resources and its constraints have been investigated, it is important to also consider the allocation of attention. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the differences in the patterns in the allocation of resources and attention in a comparative case study with focus on Southwest Airlines. This study illustrates that the comparison of the patterns of allocation of resource and attention is very promising for the explanation of consistent superior performance. Design/methodology/approach - This paper analyzes Federal Aviation Administration and American Transport Association data in order to determine actual resource allocation. Moreover, textual analysis of annual reports serves as basis for examining the patterns of allocation of attention. Findings - The results of this paper reveal a striking divergence of allocation of resources and attention (particularly attention to differentiation) for Southwest Airlines - the consistently high performing firm in the US airline industry. Research limitations/implications - The major limitation of the current study is the fact that it is a single industry study. It would be very interesting to replicate this study in other industries. Practical implications - This study shows the importance of allocation of attention for firm performance. This is particularly relevant for resource intensive industries such as the airline industry where organizational inertia makes it hard to move resources fast. Yet, attention appears to have a great potential for firm performance and can be changed more easily. Originality/value - Despite great interest in allocation of resources and attention in strategy research, authors rarely combine these two perspectives. Nadkarni and Barr present a notable exception. Yet, the latter authors focus on one specific aspect of adaptation of strategic actions, i.e. the timeliness of response. The present study takes a more comprehensive view of adaptation, e.g. the respective changes in slopes of adaptation.
机译：目的-战略管理中的基本假设是，始终如一的高绩效公司能够有效地适应外部冲击。在研究了资源分配的适应性及其制约因素的同时，重要的是还要考虑注意力的分配。因此，本研究试图在以西南航空为重点的比较案例研究中研究资源分配和关注方式的差异。这项研究表明，资源和注意力分配模式的比较对于解释始终如一的卓越绩效非常有希望。设计/方法/方法-本文分析了美国联邦航空管理局和美国运输协会的数据，以确定实际的资源分配。此外，年度报告的文本分析是检查注意力分配方式的基础。调查结果-本文的结果揭示了西南航空（美国航空业中始终保持高绩效的公司）的资源分配和关注度（特别是关注差异化）的惊人差异。研究局限性/含义-当前研究的主要局限性在于它是一项单一行业研究。将这项研究复制到其他行业将是非常有趣的。实际意义-这项研究表明了注意力分配对公司绩效的重要性。这对于诸如航空业这样的资源密集型行业尤为重要，因为这些行业的组织惯性使其难以快速转移资源。但是，注意力似乎具有坚定的业绩潜力，可以更轻松地进行更改。独创性/价值-尽管对资源分配和策略研究关注度很高，但作者很少将这两种观点结合在一起。 Nadkarni和Barr提出了一个明显的例外。然而，后者的作者专注于适应战略行动的一个特定方面，即响应的及时性。本研究对适应性进行了更全面的研究，例如适应斜率的相应变化。

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