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The effects of environmental history and thermal stress on coral physiology and immunity

机译：环境史和热应激对珊瑚生理和免疫力的影响

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Rising ocean temperatures can induce the breakdown of the symbiosis between reef building corals and Symbiodinium in the phenomenon known as coral bleaching. Environmental history may, however, influence the response of corals to stress and affect bleaching outcomes. A suite of physiological and immunological traits was evaluated to test the effect of environmental history (low vs. high variable pCO(2)) on the response of the reef coral Montipora capitata to elevated temperature (24.5 degrees C vs. thermal ramping to 30.5 degrees C). Heating reduced maximum photochemical efficiency (F-v/F-m) and chlorophyll a but increased tissue melanin in corals relative to the ambient treatment, indicating a role of the melanin synthesis pathway in the early stages of thermal stress. However, interactions of environmental history and temperature treatment were not observed. Rather, parallel reaction norms were the primary response pattern documented across the two temperature treatments with respect to reef environmental history. Corals with a history of greater pCO(2) variability had higher constitutive antioxidative and immune activity (i.e., catalase, superoxide dismutase, prophenoloxidase) and F-v/F-m, but lower melanin and chlorophyll a, relative to corals with a history of lower pCO(2) variability. This suggests that reef environments with high magnitude pCO(2) variability promote greater antioxidant and immune activity in resident corals. These results demonstrate coral physiology and immunity reflect environmental attributes that vary over short distances, and that these differences may buffer the magnitude of thermal stress effects on coral phenotypes.
机译：不断升高的海洋温度会导致造礁珊瑚与共生菌共生的崩溃，这种现象被称为珊瑚白化。但是，环境历史可能会影响珊瑚对压力的反应并影响漂白效果。评估了一组生理和免疫学特征，以测试环境历史（低变量pCO对高可变pCO（2））对珊瑚礁Montipora capitata对升高的温度（24.5摄氏度与热升高至30.5摄氏度）的响应的影响C）。相对于环境处理，加热降低了珊瑚的最大光化学效率（F-v / F-m）和叶绿素a，但增加了组织中的黑色素，表明黑色素合成途径在热应激的早期阶段起着作用。但是，没有观察到环境历史和温度处理的相互作用。相反，平行反应规范是关于礁石环境历史记录的两次温度处理中记录的主要响应模式。具有较大pCO（2）变异性的历史的珊瑚具有较高的组成型抗氧化和免疫活性（即过氧化氢酶，超氧化物歧化酶，酚氧化酶）和Fv / Fm，但相对于具有较低pCO（2）的珊瑚而言，黑色素和叶绿素a较低。 2）可变性。这表明，具有较高pCO（2）变异性的珊瑚礁环境可促进珊瑚中更大的抗氧化和免疫活性。这些结果表明，珊瑚的生理和免疫力反映了短距离内变化的环境属性，这些差异可以缓解热应激对珊瑚表型的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2018年第3期|56.1-56.15|共15页
  • 作者

    Wall Christopher B.; Ricci Contessa A.; Foulds Grace E.; Mydlarz Laura D.; Gates Ruth D.; Putnam Hollie M.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA;

    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA;

    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA;

    Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA;

    Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA;

    Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA;

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