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Does interspecific competition drive patterns of habitat use and relative density in harbour porpoises?

机译：种间竞争是否会驱动海豚的栖息地使用方式和相对密度？

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摘要

Determining the drivers that are responsible for the fine-scale distribution of cetacean species is fundamental to understand better how they respond to changes in their environment. We utilized information theoretic approach to carry out a comprehensive investigation of the key environmental and anthropogenic correlates of habitat use and relative density of harbour porpoises. In all, 273 daily boat surveys over a period of 38 months, between April 2014 and November 2017, were spent in the field monitoring 9417 km along the coastal and shelf waters of Northwest Spain. Throughout this period, there were 70 encounters with harbour porpoises and 712 encounters with common bottlenose dolphins. The observed unequal use of available habitat indicates that harbour porpoises present a fine-scale pattern of habitat selection along the study area, which is likely related to the variation in oceanographic variables and human disturbance mainly caused by marine traffic and fisheries. While differences in habitat use between harbour porpoises and bottlenose dolphins were observed, interspecific competition with bottlenose dolphins (as competitive exclusion hypotheses) did not appear to play an important role in the distribution and relative density of harbour porpoises. These findings highlight the importance of considering both environmental and anthropogenic variables in ecological studies, in addition to highlighting the importance of using a multi-species ecology approach in research and conservation management planning.
机译：确定负责鲸类物种精细分布的驱动因素，对于更好地了解它们如何应对环境变化至关重要。我们利用信息理论方法对栖息地利用的主要环境和人为相关因素以及海豚的相对密度进行了全面调查。在2014年4月至2017年11月的38个月中，总共进行了273次日船调查，用于实地监测西班牙西北沿海和陆架水域的9417公里。在此期间，有70次与海豚的相遇和712次与宽吻海豚的相遇。观测到的对可用栖息地的不平等利用表明，海豚在研究区域内呈现出精细的栖息地选择模式，这很可能与海洋变量的变化和主要由海上交通和渔业引起的人为干扰有关。尽管观察到海豚和宽吻海豚在栖息地使用上的差异，但与宽吻海豚的种间竞争（作为竞争性排除假设）似乎并未对海豚的分布和相对密度起重要作用。这些发现不仅强调了在生态研究中同时考虑环境和人为因素的重要性，而且强调了在研究和保护管理规划中使用多物种生态学方法的重要性。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2018年第5期|92.1-92.11|共11页
  • 作者

    Diaz Lopez Bruno; Methion Severine;

  • 作者单位

    BDRI, Av Beiramar 192, O Grove 36980, Pontevedra, Spain;

    BDRI, Av Beiramar 192, O Grove 36980, Pontevedra, Spain;

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