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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Full mitochondrial genome sequences reveal new insights about post-glacial expansion and regional phylogeographic structure in the Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia)
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Full mitochondrial genome sequences reveal new insights about post-glacial expansion and regional phylogeographic structure in the Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia)

机译：完整的线粒体基因组序列揭示了关于大西洋银侧（Menidia menidia）的冰川后扩张和区域系统地理结构的新见解

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摘要

One of the biggest challenges in population genetics of marine species is to uncover subtle phylogeographic patterns masked by large effective population sizes and/or high gene flow. In this paper, we use 189 full mitochondrial genome sequences from the Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), obtained during whole nuclear genome re-sequencing, to address this challenge. With this approach, we were able to provide a high-resolution analysis of the demographic history and current genetic structure of the species. We clearly defined a regional genetic structure that is stronger than previously thought. This structure groups the species into three regional subdivisions: (1) south of Cape Cod; (2) Gulf of Maine; and (3) Gulf of St. Lawrence. Among the regional subdivisions, our data reveal that the two northern groups show the greatest divergence despite their adjacency along the latitudinal gradient, while genetic homogeneity within the southern subdivision suggests connectivity throughout its broad geographical distribution. Furthermore, using approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) methods, we inferred that both northern populations are the result of independent colonization events from the south after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Our analyses indicate that at least one of the northern populations has received two waves of colonization, one timed immediately after the LGM and the other timed after the end of the Younger Dryas glacial re-advance. Finally, we found one locus potentially under positive selection in the mitochondrial genome. The results of this study illustrate the power of full mitochondrial genome sequencing in phylogeographic research, and because the Atlantic silverside is known for its clinal phenotypic variation throughout its range, our findings have important implications for the study of local adaptation.
机译：海洋物种种群遗传学的最大挑战之一就是要发现被有效种群数量大和/或基因流过大所掩盖的细微植物学模式。在本文中，我们使用了来自大西洋银侧（Menidia menidia）的189个完整线粒体基因组序列，该序列是在整个核基因组重测序过程中获得的，以应对这一挑战。通过这种方法，我们能够提供该物种的人口历史和当前遗传结构的高分辨率分析。我们清楚地定义了一个比以前认为的要强的区域遗传结构。这种结构将物种分为三个区域细分：（1）科德角以南； （2）缅因湾； （3）圣劳伦斯湾。在区域细分中，我们的数据显示，尽管北部两个群体沿纬度梯度相邻，但它们表现出最大的差异，而南部细分中的遗传同质性表明整个区域的连通性。此外，使用近似贝叶斯计算（ABC）方法，我们推断两个北部种群都是在最后一次冰河极大期（LGM）之后从南部独立殖民化事件的结果。我们的分析表明，至少有一个北部种群已经经历了两次殖民化浪潮，一次是在LGM之后立即发生，另一次是在Younger Dryas冰河重新推进结束之后发生。最后，我们在线粒体基因组中发现了一个可能正选择的基因座。这项研究的结果说明了线粒体基因组测序在系统地理学研究中的强大功能，并且由于大西洋银杏苷在整个范围内均以其临床表型变异而著称，因此我们的发现对局部适应性研究具有重要意义。

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