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Abundance and distribution of cetaceans in the Gulf of Alaska

机译：阿拉斯加湾鲸类的数量和分布

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To effectively protect and manage marine mammals, contemporary information on their abundance and distribution is essential. Several factors influence present-day insight including the accessibility of the study area and the degree of difficulty in locating and studying target species. The offshore waters of the Gulf of Alaska are important habitat to a variety of cetaceans yet have remained largely unsurveyed due to its remote location, vast geographic area, and challenging environmental conditions. Between 2009 and 2015, three vessel surveys were conducted using line-transect sampling methods to estimate cetacean abundance and density. Here, we present results on the distribution for all species encountered and density and abundance for six species, including humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus), blue whales (B. musculus), killer whales (Orcinus orca), and Dall's porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli). Fin whales, humpback whales, and Dall's porpoise were the most abundant species. Beaked whales were documented only in 2015. Prior to this study, recent sightings of blue whales were rare, likely related to the lack of offshore survey coverage. No North Pacific right whales (Eubalaena japonica) were sighted, underscoring the critically endangered status of this species in a formerly populous habitat. Although these results provide the first estimates from offshore waters, additional effort is necessary to assess trends and to obtain baseline data for the rare and cryptic species in order to better inform conservation and management actions.
机译：为了有效地保护和管理海洋哺乳动物，关于其数量和分布的当代信息至关重要。影响当今见解的几个因素包括研究区域的可及性以及定位和研究目标物种的难度。阿拉斯加湾的近海水域是各种鲸类动物的重要栖息地，但由于其偏远的地理位置，广阔的地理区域以及极富挑战性的环境条件，它们在很大程度上仍未被调查。在2009年至2015年之间，我们使用线样抽样方法进行了三次船只调查，以估计鲸类的丰富度和密度。在这里，我们介绍了所有遇到的物种分布以及六种物种的密度和丰度的结果，包括座头鲸（Megaptera novaeangliae），大头鲸（Balaenoptera physalus），抹香鲸（Physeter macrocephalus），蓝鲸（B. musculus），虎鲸（Orcinus orca）和Dall的海豚（Phocoenoides dalli）。鳍鲸，座头鲸和达尔的海豚是最丰富的物种。喙鲸仅在2015年被记录。在此研究之前，近期没有发现蓝鲸，这很可能是由于缺乏近海调查所致。没有发现北太平洋露脊鲸（Eubalaena japonica），这突显了该物种在原先人口稠密的栖息地中的极度濒危状态。尽管这些结果提供了近海水域的初步估计，但仍需要付出额外的努力来评估趋势并获得稀有和隐性物种的基线数据，以便更好地为保护和管理行动提供依据。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2017年第1期|23.1-23.23|共23页
  • 作者

    Rone Brenda K.; Zerbini Alexandre N.; Douglas Annie B.; Weller David W.; Clapham Phillip J.;

  • 作者单位

    NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA|Cascadia Res Collect, 218 1-2 W Fourth Ave, Olympia, WA 98501 USA;

    NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA|Cascadia Res Collect, 218 1-2 W Fourth Ave, Olympia, WA 98501 USA;

    Cascadia Res Collect, 218 1-2 W Fourth Ave, Olympia, WA 98501 USA;

    NOAA, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA;

    NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA;

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