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Reproductive cycle and ecology of the tropical ascidian Halocynthia spinosa in the Red Sea

机译：红海热带海鞘梭梭的繁殖周期和生态学

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摘要

Coral-reef community structure has generally changed following declines in coverage by reef-building organisms. Ascidians as fast-growing, filter-feeding organisms, are of concern due to their invasiveness potential, but few studies have examined their life-history traits in tropical environments. The present study examined the distribution, settlement patterns, and reproductive cycle of the solitary, hermaphroditic ascidian Halocynthia spinosa in Eilat, Red Sea (29 degrees 30' N, 34 degrees 55' E), from August 2013 to August 2015. This species has a native distribution in the western Indian Ocean, with a continuous presence along the southern and eastern coasts of Africa. In Eilat, the field survey found that H. spinosa was prevalent in shallow depths, on cryptic, shaded substrates. Histological analysis of spermatogenesis and oogenesis, and a determination of the gonad index in monthly samples revealed a seasonal reproductive cycle that was significantly correlated with seawater temperature, associated with photoperiod and food availability. All measures of reproduction showed the highest activity in the summer (June-August), and a short resting period in the winter months (December-March). H. spinosa individuals were rarely observed on artificial structures. Thus, the introduction of H. spinosa into new regions as part of a fouling community is relatively unlikely. These findings contribute to understanding ecological interactions of non-reef-building organisms such as ascidians, and add to the knowledge of ascidian reproductive patterns.
机译：由于造礁生物的覆盖率下降，珊瑚礁群落结构总体上发生了变化。作为快速生长的滤食性生物，海鞘由于具有潜在的入侵性而备受关注，但很少有研究检查它们在热带环境中的生活史特征。本研究调查了2013年8月至2015年8月在红海埃拉特（北纬29度，北纬34度，东经34度）的单性，雌雄同体的海生棘轮藻Halocynthia spinosa的分布，定居方式和生殖周期。分布在印度洋西部，并在非洲的南部和东部沿海地区持续存在。在埃拉特（Eilat），野外调查发现，在隐蔽的，有阴影的底物上，H。spinosa普遍存在于较浅的深度。对精子发生和卵子发生的组织学分析，以及每月样本中性腺指数的测定，揭示了一个季节性繁殖周期，该周期与海水温度显着相关，与光周期和食物供应量有关。所有繁殖指标在夏季（6月至8月）都显示出最高的活性，而在冬季月份（12月至3月）则处于短暂的休息期。很少有人在人工结构上观察到多刺嗜血菌。因此，将H. spinosa作为结垢群落的一部分引入新区域的可能性相对较小。这些发现有助于理解非珊瑚礁生物（如海鞘）的生态相互作用，并增加了海鞘繁殖方式的知识。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2017年第6期|147.1-147.12|共12页
  • 作者

    Shmuel Yaniv; Shenkar Noa;

  • 作者单位

    Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Zool, George S Wise Fac Life Sci, Tel Aviv, Israel|Interuniv Inst Marine Sci Eilat, Elat, Israel;

    Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Zool, George S Wise Fac Life Sci, Tel Aviv, Israel|Tel Aviv Univ, Israel Natl Ctr Biodivers Studies, Steinhardt Museum Nat Hist, Tel Aviv, Israel;

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