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The calcareous brown alga Padina pavonica in southern Britain: population change and tenacity over 300 years

机译：英国南部钙质褐藻海藻Padina pavonica：300年内的人口变化和韧性

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Understanding long-term persistence and variability in species populations can help to predict future survival, growth and distribution; however, sustained observations are exceedingly rare. We examine and interpret a remarkable record of the calcareous brown alga Padina pavonica (Phaeophyceae) at its northern limit on the south coast of England (50 degrees N, 1-3 degrees W) from 1680 to 2014, which is probably the longest compilation and review of any marine algal species. Over this period, which extends from the middle of the Little Ice Age to the present, there has been considerable variability in temperature and storminess. We identified a significant number of site extinctions in the second half of the nineteenth century, which coincided with cooler conditions and stormier weather. To interpret these changes, we measured recruitment, growth and production of tetraspores at sheltered and exposed sites in 2012-2014, years which had low and high spring temperatures. Potential spore production was greater at the sheltered site due to a longer growing period and survival of larger fronds. Delayed growth in the cooler spring resulted in smaller fronds and lower potential production of tetraspores by early summer. Yet in the warmer year, rapid initial growth caused higher sensitivity to damage and dislodgement by summer storms, which also limited potential spore production. Antagonistic responses to multiple stressors and disturbances make future predictions of survival and distribution difficult. Fronds of Padina pavonica are sensitive to both temperature and physical disturbances, yet vegetative perennation appears to have enabled population persistence and explained the longevity of remaining populations.
机译：了解物种种群的长期持久性和变异性有助于预测未来的生存，增长和分布；然而，持续的观察极为罕见。我们检查并解释了钙质褐藻Padina pavonica（Phaeophyceae）从1680年至2014年在英格兰南海岸（北纬50度，W 1-3度）的北限的显着记录，这可能是最长的记录和审查任何海洋藻类物种。从小冰期中期一直到现在的这段时期，温度和暴风雨的变化都很大。我们确定了19世纪下半叶的大量物种灭绝事件，这与天气转凉和暴风雨天气相吻合。为了解释这些变化，我们测量了2012-2014年春季和春季气温高低的庇护和裸露地点四孢子的募集，生长和生产。由于较长的生长期和较大的叶状体的存活，在庇护地的潜在孢子产量更高。较凉的春季生长延迟，导致夏初的叶状体变小，四孢子的潜在产量降低。然而，在较暖的一年里，快速的初始生长引起了对夏季风暴造成的破坏和移动的更高敏感性，这也限制了潜在的孢子产生。对多种应激源和干扰的拮抗反应使未来生存和分布的预测变得困难。帕迪纳（Padina pavonica）的叶对温度和物理干扰都很敏感，但植物性多年生植物似乎可以使种群持久存在，并解释了其余种群的寿命。

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    《Marine biology》 |2016年第3期|46.1-46.15|共15页
  • 作者

    Herbert Roger J. H.; Mal Lisha; Marston Anne; Farnham William F.; Tittley Ian; Cornes Richard C.;

  • 作者单位

    Bournemouth Univ, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Talbot Campus, Poole BH12 5BB, Dorset, England;

    Bournemouth Univ, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Talbot Campus, Poole BH12 5BB, Dorset, England;

    Seaclose Off, Isle Wight Local Records Ctr, Fairlee Rd, Newport PO30 2QS, Wight, England;

    Univ Portsmouth, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Marine Sci, Ferry Rd, Portsmouth PO1 2DY, Hants, England;

    Nat Hist Museum, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England;

    Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Climat Res Unit, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England;

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