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Prey selection and foraging behavior of the whelk Rapana venosa

机译：大戟Rapana venosa的猎物选择和觅食行为

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摘要

Rapana venosa is one of the most widespread species of muricid gastropod and lives on all types of substrata. Although common in Bohai Sea, relatively little is known about its ecology specially foraging behavior. We examined (1) prey selection by R. venosa when offered three prey species, Manila clams Ruditapes philippinarum, blue mussels Mytilus edulis and oysters Crassostrea gigas, (2) relative importance of various behavioral components (i.e., encounter, attack, capture and consumption) to the prey selection and (3) in detail the foraging behaviors of R. venosa in the laboratory. Predation rates, prey characteristics (shell strength, energy content per prey, handling time per prey), behavioral components (encounter probabilities, foraging time budget) and major behavioral transition frequencies were analyzed. R. venosa consumed more clams per day than mussels and oysters. Predation on clams was the most effective with a consumption rate of 0.75 clams day(-1), although whelks spent only 1.23 % of their time searching for prey. In comparison, 0.54 mussels day(-1) were consumed while spending 2.28 % of their time searching, and 0.29 oysters day(-1) were consumed occupying 3.08 % of the time. With the preference for clams over mussels and oysters resulted from R. venosa active selection, the prey has a higher profitability. The probability of capture upon attack and consumption upon capture, reflected prey shell strength and morphology, was the two most important behavioral components to determine the prey selection for clams. Searching events took place more often when offered oysters than mussels and clams. Therefore, prey species selection by R. venosa appears to be determined by differences in prey vulnerability and accessibility, and active selection of prey with the highest profitability. Our results have implications for the provision of protective refuges for species of interest (i.e., oysters), such as in population enhancement operations and bottom aquaculture.
机译：Rapana venosa是鼠类腹足动物中分布最广泛的物种之一，生活在所有类型的基底上。尽管在渤海很常见，但对其生态学特别是觅食行为的了解相对较少。我们研究了（1）当有三种猎物，即马尼拉蛤，菲律宾蛤，蓝贻贝和牡蛎Crassostrea gigas时，R。venosa的猎物选择；（2）各种行为成分（即遭遇，攻击，捕获和消耗）的相对重要性）到猎物的选择上；（3）详细介绍了R. venosa在实验室中的觅食行为。分析了捕食率，猎物特性（外壳强度，每个猎物的能量含量，每个猎物的处理时间），行为成分（遇到概率，觅食时间预算）和主要的行为转变频率。韦诺沙。每天消费的蛤than比贻贝和牡蛎多。捕食蛤was是最有效的，每天消耗0.75蛤）（-1），尽管海wh仅花费其时间的1.23％来寻找猎物。相比之下，食用贻贝天（-1）的时间为2.28％，而食用牡蛎天（-1）的时间为0.29％，占时间的3.08％。由于对罗氏沼虾的主动选择，贻贝比贻贝和牡蛎更受青睐，因此猎物的获利能力更高。攻击时捕获的概率和捕获时消耗的概率反映了猎物壳的强度和形态，是决定蛤c猎物选择的两个最重要的行为要素。当提供牡蛎时，搜寻事件比贻贝和蛤more发生的频率更高。因此，R。venosa对猎物的选择似乎取决于猎物脆弱性和可及性的差异，以及对获利能力最高的猎物的主动选择。我们的结果对为诸如养殖种群和底层水产养殖等目的物种（即牡蛎）提供保护性庇护所产生了影响。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2016年第11期|233.1-233.12|共12页
  • 作者

    Hu Nan; Wang Fang; Zhang Tao; Song Hao; Yu Zheng-Lin; Liu Da-Peng;

  • 作者单位

    Ocean Univ China, Minist Educ, Key Lab Mariculture, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, Peoples R China;

    Ocean Univ China, Minist Educ, Key Lab Mariculture, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China|Univ Chinese Acad Sci, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China;

    Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Marine Ecol & Environm Sci, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China|Univ Chinese Acad Sci, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China;

    Ocean Univ China, Minist Educ, Key Lab Mariculture, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, Peoples R China;

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