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Relationships between size and reproductive output in the crown-of-thorns starfish

机译：荆棘冠海星的大小与繁殖产量之间的关系

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Studies of pre-spawning crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster (COTS) collected from the Great Barrier Reef showed average female gonad mass of 16 % (+/- 8 s.d.) and for males 12 % (+/- 6 s.d.). In females up to 34 % of the body mass could be devoted to gonad. Based on these data, we also derived relationships between diameter gonad weight and reproductive output for both male and female starfish. Due to the large average size of individuals in this study (39.2 +/- 0.3 cm diameter), the potential oocyte production of females was between 29 and 38 million eggs per season for average size starfish. The highest oocyte production was estimated to be >100 million oocytes, which is the highest ever recorded for an individual female starfish. These relationships imply that the largest Acanthaster reported may have fecundities greater than 200 million eggs per season. The gonad mass of male starfish is similarly high, and in combination with measured concentrations of sperm exuded from the gonopore (5.2 x 10(10) ml(-1)) the sperm output of an average sized male is estimated to be 1.1 x 10(13) sperm. This high level of sperm production may be a key factor allowing this species to sustain itself and even initiate outbreaks at low population densities. We suggest that management targets for maintaining COTS at pre-outbreak thresholds should take account of starfish size as well as starfish density, especially given extreme reproductive potential of large starfish in pre-outbreak populations.
机译：从大堡礁收集的产卵前棘冠海星棘棘鱼（COTS）的研究表明，雌性生殖腺的平均质量为16％（+/- 8 s.d.），雄性为12％（+/- 6 s.d.）。在女性中，高达34％的体重可用于性腺。基于这些数据，我们还得出了雄性和雌性海星的直径性腺重量与生殖产量之间的关系。由于这项研究中个体的平均大小很大（直径39.2 +/- 0.3厘米），对于平均大小的海星，雌性的潜在卵母细胞产量为每个季节29至3,800万个卵。最高的卵母细胞产量估计为> 1亿个卵母细胞，这是单个雌性海星有记录以来最高的。这些关系暗示，据报道，最大的棘皮动物每个季节的繁殖力可能超过2亿个卵。雄性海星的性腺质量也很高，结合从测孔菌中测得的精子浓度（5.2 x 10（10）ml（-1）），平均大小雄性的精子产量估计为1.1 x 10 （13）精子如此高的精子产量可能是使该物种得以自我维持甚至在低种群密度下爆发的关键因素。我们建议将COTS维持在暴发前阈值的管理目标应考虑海星大小以及海星密度，特别是考虑到大型海星在暴发前种群中具有极高的繁殖潜力。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2016年第11期|234.1-234.7|共7页
  • 作者

    Babcock Russell C.; Milton David A.; Pratchett Morgan S.;

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    CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, POB 2583, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia;

    CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, POB 2583, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia;

    James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia;

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