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Foraging by experienced and inexperienced Cory's shearwater along a 3-year period of ameliorating foraging conditions

机译：在三年的觅食条件改善期间，由经验丰富和经验不足的Cory的剪力水觅食

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Experience is believed to be an important factor determining the foraging success of animals, but there is limited knowledge on how foraging tactics differ among individuals, and on how individuals develop efficient foraging strategies. Pelagic seabirds are some of the longest living organisms, and in several species, breeding is deferred far beyond their physical maturity. The complex foraging skills needed to successfully rear a young is considered the most likely explanation for this life trait, making sea-birds particularly interesting for the investigation of how foraging skills differ and develop through their life span. In our study, the spatial distribution and foraging tactics of experienced and inexperienced males of a Procellari-iform seabird species, the Cory's shearwater (Calonectris borealis) breeding on the Portuguese continental shelf, were compared along three consecutive breeding seasons with ameliorating environmental conditions (from 2010 towards 2012). Kernel overlaps of foraging areas and habitat modelling demonstrated that while experienced males showed high fidelity to shallow feeding grounds, inexperienced birds were more explorative and relied more on less-productive pelagic areas. Our results seem to support the prediction that differences between experienced and inexperienced individuals are enhanced by food scarcity. In fact, there was a higher spatial, trophic and behavioural segregation between both groups when environmental conditions were poor, which progressively diminished with improving environmental conditions. Still, we cannot rule out the fact that inexperienced birds might be gaining experience with each breeding season and thus honing their foraging skills towards those of experienced individuals.
机译：人们认为经验是决定动物觅食成功的重要因素，但是关于个体之间觅食策略如何不同以及个体如何制定有效觅食策略的知识有限。远洋海鸟是最长寿的生物，在某些物种中，繁殖被推迟到远远超出其物理成熟度的程度。成功养育幼崽所需的复杂觅食技能被认为是这种生活特征的最可能的解释，这使得海鸟对于调查觅食技能在生活中的差异和发展方式特别感兴趣。在我们的研究中，比较了葡萄牙大陆架上Procellari-iform海鸟物种Cory的剪枝水（Calonectrisboalis）的有经验和无经验雄性的空间分布和觅食策略，这些条件是在连续三个繁殖季节中环境条件得到改善的（来自2010年至2012年）。觅食区域的内核重叠和栖息地模型表明，虽然经验丰富的雄性对浅食区表现出较高的保真度，但经验不足的鸟类更具探索性，并更多地依赖生产力较低的中上层地区。我们的结果似乎支持以下预测：有经验的人和没有经验的人之间的差异会因食物短缺而加剧。实际上，当环境条件较差时，两组之间在空间，营养和行为上的隔离度更高，随着环境条件的改善，隔离度逐渐降低。不过，我们不能排除这样的事实，即经验不足的鸟类可能会在每个繁殖季节获得经验，从而使它们的觅食技能向经验丰富的个体发展。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2015年第3期|649-660|共12页
  • 作者

    Fredrik D. Haug; Vitor H. Paiva; Antje C. Werner; Jaime A. Ramos;

  • 作者单位

    MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Ciencias da Vida, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;

    MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Ciencias da Vida, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;

    MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Ciencias da Vida, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal,Departamento de Ornitologia, Museo de Historia Natural 'Javier Prado', Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256 Jesus Maria, Apartado 14-0434, Lima 14, Peru;

    MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Ciencias da Vida, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;

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