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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Using mark-recapture and stranding data to estimate reproductive traits in female bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean
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Using mark-recapture and stranding data to estimate reproductive traits in female bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean

机译：使用标记捕获和搁浅数据估算西南大西洋雌性宽吻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）的生殖性状

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摘要

Despite bottlenose dolphins being well studied in several regions around the world, there is very limited information about the reproduction of these animals in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWA). In this study, data from a long-term mark-recapture and stranding monitoring program were used to estimate life history traits of female bottlenose dolphins inhabiting the Patos Lagoon estuary, a sub-tropical coastal region in the SWA. From the analysis of 32,296 high-quality dorsal fin photographs, the fate of 37 individual females and 66 of their calves was tracked. Results supported a birth pulse dolphin community, with most births occurring during late spring and summer, in association with increasing water temperature and food supply. Female bottlenose dolphins first reproduced at a minimum age of 8 years. Mean inter-birth interval was 3 years (mode = 2), and fecundity was 0.11. A clear change in the δ~(13)C and δ~(15)N profiles in teeth from stranded carcasses near age 2 indicated the most probable weaning age. First and second year annual calf survival estimates were 0.84 (95 % CI 0.72-0.90) and 0.86 (95 % CI 0.74-0.94), respectively. No evidence was found to support that timing of birth plays a role in calf survival, suggesting that variability in water temperature and food resources within the year is unlikely to impact upon survival of calves. Older females reproduced at lower rates, suggesting an age-related decrease in reproductive fitness. At an individual level, marked variation in reproductive success was observed. Our findings highlight the importance of long-term studies for long-lived mammals to yield individual- and population-level parameters for demographic and viability analyses that are useful for conservation and management.
机译：尽管宽吻海豚在世界上几个地区都得到了很好的研究，但是关于这些动物在西南大西洋（SWA）繁殖的信息非常有限。在这项研究中，来自长期的标记捕获和搁浅监测程序的数据被用于估计居住在西南太平洋亚热带沿海地区帕托斯泻湖河口的雌性宽吻海豚的生活史特征。通过分析32,296张高质量的背鳍照片，跟踪了37只雌性和66只小牛的命运。结果支持了出生脉冲海豚群落，大多数出生在春季和夏季末，与水温升高和食物供应增加有关。雌性宽吻海豚首次繁殖的最低年龄为8岁。平均出生间隔为3年（模式= 2），生育力为0.11。 2岁左右的绞死ed体的牙齿中δ〜（13）C和δ〜（15）N曲线的明显变化表明最可能的断奶年龄。第一年和第二年的小牛年生存估计分别为0.84（95％CI 0.72-0.90）和0.86（95％CI 0.74-0.94）。没有证据支持出生时间在小牛的存活中起作用，这表明一年中水温和食物资源的变化不太可能影响小牛的存活。年龄较大的雌性繁殖率较低，表明与年龄相关的生殖健康状况下降。在个体水平上，观察到生殖成功的显着变化。我们的发现突出了对长期生存的哺乳动物进行长期研究的重要性，以得出用于人口统计和生存力分析的个体和种群水平参数，对保护和管理非常有用。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2015年第3期|661-673|共13页
  • 作者

    Pedro F. Fruet; Rodrigo Cezar Genoves; Luciana M. Moeller; Silvina Botta; Eduardo R. Secchi;

  • 作者单位

    Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Oceanografia Biologica, Univeridade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil,Museu Oceanografico 'Eliezer C. Rios', FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil,Laboratorio de Ecologia e Conservacao da Megafauna Marinha (EcoMega), Instituto de Oceanografia, FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil,Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia,Molecular Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia;

    Museu Oceanografico 'Eliezer C. Rios', FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil,Laboratorio de Ecologia e Conservacao da Megafauna Marinha (EcoMega), Instituto de Oceanografia, FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil;

    Cetacean Ecology, Behaviour and Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia,Molecular Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia;

    Laboratorio de Ecologia e Conservacao da Megafauna Marinha (EcoMega), Instituto de Oceanografia, FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil;

    Museu Oceanografico 'Eliezer C. Rios', FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil,Laboratorio de Ecologia e Conservacao da Megafauna Marinha (EcoMega), Instituto de Oceanografia, FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil;

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