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Global mitochondrial DNA phylogeography and population structure of the silky shark, Carcharhinus falciformis

机译：丝状鲨鱼Carcharhinus falciformis的全球线粒体DNA系统学和种群结构

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摘要

Globally, sharks are under enormous pressure from fishing efforts. One such species is the silky shark, Carcharhinus falciformis, which occurs in all the Earth's tropical oceans and is captured in large numbers in pelagic fisheries. Regionally, the silky shark is listed as Vulnerable to Near Threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature due to high levels of direct and bycatch exploitation. Despite major conservation concerns about this species, little is known about its genetic status and level of demographic or evolutionary connectivity among its regional distributions. We report a genetic assessment of silky sharks sampled across a major portion of the species' global range. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial DNA control region from 276 individuals taken from the western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans and the Red Sea. Overall, haplotype and nucleotide diversities were relatively large (0.93 +/- A 0.01 and 0.61 +/- A 0.32 %, respectively). Nucleotide diversity in Indo-Pacific sharks, however, was significantly lower and about half that in Atlantic sharks. Strong phylogeographic partitioning occurred between ocean basins. Furthermore, shallow but significant pairwise statistical differentiation occurred among most regional samples within the Indo-Pacific, but not the western Atlantic. Overall, at least five mitochondrial DNA populations of silky sharks were identified globally. Despite historically large population sizes, silky sharks appear to be isolated on relatively small spatial scales, at least in the Indo-Pacific, indicating that conservation and management efforts will need to be exerted at relatively small scales in a pelagic and highly vagile species.
机译：在全球范围内，鲨鱼承受着捕捞努力的巨大压力。这样的物种之一就是丝状鲨鱼，Carcharhinus falciformis，它存在于地球的所有热带海洋中，并在远洋渔业中大量捕获。在区域内，由于直接和兼捕的大量开发，国际保护自然联盟将这种丝滑鲨鱼列为“易受威胁”。尽管对该物种有重大的保护问题，但对其遗传状况以及其区域分布之间的人口统计学或进化连通性水平知之甚少。我们报告了该物种全球范围内大部分采样的丝鲨的遗传评估。我们对来自西部大西洋，印度洋-太平洋和红海的276个个体的完整线粒体DNA控制区域进行了测序。总体而言，单倍型和核苷酸多样性相对较大（分别为0.93 +/- A 0.01和0.61 +/- A 0.32％）。但是，印度太平洋鲨鱼中的核苷酸多样性要低得多，大约是大西洋鲨鱼中的一半。海洋盆地之间发生了强烈的地理学划分。此外，印度太平洋中的大多数区域样本之间发生了浅但显着的成对统计差异，但西大西洋地区则没有。总体而言，全球范围内至少鉴定出五个线状鲨的线粒体DNA种群。尽管历史上人口众多，但丝滑鲨似乎在相对较小的空间尺度上是孤立的，至少在印度太平洋地区是这样，这表明在远洋和高度易变的物种中，需要在较小的尺度上进行保护和管理工作。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2015年第5期|945-955|共11页
  • 作者

    Clarke Christopher R.; Karl Stephen A.; Horn Rebekah L.; Bernard Andrea M.; Lea James S.; Hazin Fabio H.; Prodoehl Paulo A.; Shivji Mahmood S.;

  • 作者单位

    Danah Divers Marine Res Facil, Jeddah 21443, Saudi Arabia;

    Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA;

    Nova SE Univ, Save Our Seas Shark Res Ctr USA, Dania, FL 33004 USA;

    Nova SE Univ, Save Our Seas Shark Res Ctr USA, Dania, FL 33004 USA;

    Danah Divers Marine Res Facil, Jeddah 21443, Saudi Arabia;

    Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Pesca & Aquicultura, BR-52171032 Recife, PE, Brazil;

    Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Med Biol, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Global Food Secur, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland;

    Nova SE Univ, Save Our Seas Shark Res Ctr USA, Dania, FL 33004 USA|Nova SE Univ, Guy Harvey Res Inst, Dania, FL 33004 USA;

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