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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Behavioural and environmental correlates of Philophthalmus zalophi infections and their impact on survival in juvenile Galapagos sea lions
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Behavioural and environmental correlates of Philophthalmus zalophi infections and their impact on survival in juvenile Galapagos sea lions

机译：行为学和环境相关的扎菲菲氏菌感染及其对幼年加拉帕戈斯海狮生存的影响

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摘要

Parasitic infections can play a major role in the dynamics of animal populations by influencing the development and survival of juveniles. Understanding how intrinsic and extrinsic factors shape individual parasitisation and affect long-term consequences of infections is therefore of prime importance for conservation management. Galapagos sea lions (Zalophus wollebaeki) provide a good model system to assess the impact of environmental and behavioural differences on parasitisation. Their environment is characterised by seasonal changes in sea surface temperatures (SST), and the slow transition to independence in juveniles goes along with major behavioural changes. The present study focused on infections with Philophthalmus zalophi, a digenetic trematode, which is regularly found in the ocular cavity of young sea lions. Long-term data on P. zalophi infections were collected from a sea lion colony located in the centre of the Galapagos archipelago (0A degrees 45'S, 90A degrees 160'W, 2007-2014). The probability to become infected differed between age classes and was influenced by the SST at the time of capture. About 16 % of the animals infected during the peak of infections developed severe clinical signs which had long-term consequences for juvenile survival. The transition to independence appeared to be a particularly sensitive period when negative consequences of previous parasitic infections exerted the greatest influence on juvenile survival. Our results suggest that the prevalence of infections and thus the negative implications for juvenile survival may increase with broad-scale climatic changes.
机译：寄生虫感染可通过影响幼虫的发育和存活在动物种群动态中起主要作用。因此，了解内在和外在因素如何影响个体寄生虫病并影响感染的长期后果，对于保护管理至关重要。加拉帕戈斯海狮（Zalophus wollebaeki）提供了一个很好的模型系统来评估环境和行为差异对寄生虫的影响。它们的环境以海表温度（SST）的季节性变化为特征，而少年过渡到独立的缓慢过程伴随着主要的行为变化。本研究的重点是双子叶吸虫Philophthalmus zalophi的感染，这种病毒通常在幼小海狮的眼腔中发现。 zalophi感染的长期数据是从位于加拉帕戈斯群岛中部的海狮殖民地收集的（0A度45'S，90A度160'W，2007-2014年）。感染的可能性在各个年龄段之间有所不同，并且在捕获时受到SST的影响。在感染高峰期被感染的动物中，约有16％出现了严重的临床体征，这对少年的生存产生了长期的影响。当以前的寄生虫感染的负面影响对少年的生存产生最大影响时，向独立的过渡似乎是一个特别敏感的时期。我们的结果表明，随着大范围的气候变化，感染的患病率以及对青少年生存的负面影响可能会增加。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2015年第10期|2107-2117|共11页
  • 作者

    Meise Kristine; Garcia-Parra Carolina;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Bielefeld, Dept Anim Behav, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany;

    Charles Darwin Res Stn, Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador;

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