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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Analysis of environmental correlates of sexual segregation in northern elephant seals using species distribution models
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Analysis of environmental correlates of sexual segregation in northern elephant seals using species distribution models

机译：利用物种分布模型分析北象海豹性别隔离的环境相关性

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摘要

Elephant seals are among the most sexually dimorphic and polygynous species of all mammals. Their foraging grounds occupy a wide area of the world oceans, where they show spatial segregation between males and females. The objective of this paper was to correlate female and male foraging distributions of Mirounga angustirostris with main climatic variables at a biogeographical scale. We used website and bibliographical sources to obtain information on adult elephant seal distribution and environmental predictors (surface and bottom sea temperatures, productivity and bathymetry) and three species distribution models [maximum entropy model, environmental niche factor analysis and based on climatic envelopes (BIOCLIM)] to predict the habitat suitability of ocean regions. BIOCLIM provided the best fit. Sea surface and bottom temperatures were the variables with the highest explanatory power for females, while bathymetry was for males. Predictive maps suggest that low temperatures constrain female, but not male, distribution at high latitudes. We suggest that large size increases foraging efficiency of males because, among other benefits, it augments thermal insulation, improving the use of cold, rich sectors of the ocean. Different ther-moregulatory abilities between sexes due to size dimorphism should be a complementary explanation of sexual segregation in elephant seals.
机译：象海豹是所有哺乳动物中性两性和多性最多的物种之一。它们的觅食地占据了世界海洋的广阔区域，在那里它们表现出男女之间的空间隔离。本文的目的是在生物地理尺度上将米氏iro的雌性和雄性觅食分布与主要气候变量相关联。我们使用网站和书目资源来获取有关成年象海豹分布和环境预测因素（地表和底海温度，生产力和水深的信息）以及三种物种分布模型（最大熵模型，环境生态位因子分析以及基于气候信封（BIOCLIM））的信息]预测海洋区域的栖息地适宜性。 BIOCLIM提供了最佳选择。海面和海底温度是女性的最大解释力变量，而测深仪是男性的。预测性地图表明，低温限制了高纬度地区的女性而非男性分布。我们建议，大尺寸鱼类可以提高雄性的觅食效率，因为除其他好处外，它还可以增强热绝缘性，改善对寒冷，丰富海洋的利用。性别双态导致的两性之间不同的热调节能力应作为海象中性隔离的补充解释。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2014年第2期|481-487|共7页
  • 作者

    Jonatan J. Gomez; Marcelo H. Cassini;

  • 作者单位

    Grupo de Estudios en Ecologia de Mamiferos, Laboratorio de Biologia del Comportamiento, Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional de Lujan. Buenos Aires, Argentina;

    Grupo de Estudios en Ecologia de Mamiferos, Laboratorio de Biologia del Comportamiento, Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional de Lujan. Buenos Aires, Argentina;

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