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Tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) movement patterns and habitat use determined by satellite tagging in eastern Australian waters

机译：虎鲨（Galeocerdo cuvier）的运动方式和栖息地的利用由澳大利亚东部水域的卫星标签确定

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Partial migration is considered ubiquitous among vertebrates, but little is known about the movements of ocean-odromous apex predators such as sharks, particularly at their range extents. PAT-Mk10 and SPOT5 electronic tags were used to investigate tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) spatial dynamics, site fidelity and habitat use off eastern Australia between April 2007 and May 2013. Of the 18 tags deployed, 15 recorded information on depth and/or temperature, and horizontal movements. Tracking times ranged between four and 408 days, with two recovered pop-up archival tags allowing 63 days of high-resolution archived data to be analysed. Overall mean proportions of time-at-depth revealed that G. cuvier spent the majority of time-at-depths of ＜20 m, but undertook dives as deep as 920 m. Tagged sharks occupied ambient water temperatures from 29.5 ℃ at the surface to 5.9 ℃ at depth. Deep dives (＞500 m) occurred mostly　around dawn and dusk, but no definitive daily dive patterns were observed. Horizontal movements were characterised by combinations of resident and transient behaviour that coincided with seasonal changes in water temperature. While the majority of movement activity was focused around continental slope waters, large-scale migration was evident with one individual moving from offshore Sydney, Australia, to New Caledonia (c. 1,800 km) in 48 days. Periods of tiger shark residency outside of Australia's fisheries management zones highlight the potential vulnerability of the species to unregulated fisheries and the importance of cross-jurisdictional arrangements for species' management and conservation.
机译：部分迁徙被认为在脊椎动物中无处不在，但对于诸如鲨鱼之类的海洋富足的天敌掠食者的活动知之甚少，特别是在范围上。 PAT-Mk10和SPOT5电子标签用于调查2007年4月至2013年5月之间澳大利亚东部沿海虎鲨（Galeocerdo cuvier）的空间动态，地点保真度和栖息地使用。在部署的18个标签中，有15个记录了深度和/或温度信息和水平运动。跟踪时间介于4到408天之间，其中两个已恢复的弹出式归档标签允许分析63天的高分辨率存档数据。总体的平均深度时间比例表明，G。cuvier花了大部分的＜20 m深度时间，但进行了920 m的深度潜水。标记的鲨鱼所处的环境水温从表层的29.5℃到深度的5.9℃。深潜水（＞ 500 m）主要发生在黎明和黄昏附近，但没有观察到明确的每日潜水模式。水平运动的特征是居民行为和瞬态行为的组合，与水温的季节性变化相吻合。虽然大多数活动集中在大陆坡水域上，但大规模迁移是明显的，其中一个人在48天之内从澳大利亚悉尼近海转移到新喀里多尼亚（约1,800公里）。在澳大利亚渔业管理区以外的虎鲨定居时期凸显了该物种对不受管制的渔业的潜在脆弱性，以及跨管辖区安排对物种进行管理和保护的重要性。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2014年第11期|2645-2658|共14页
  • 作者

    Bonnie J. Holmes; Julian G. Pepperell; Shane P. Griffiths; Fabrice R. A. Jaine; Ian R. Tibbetts; Mike B. Bennett;

  • 作者单位

    School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Rm 424, Otto Hirschfeld Building, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;

    Pepperell Research and Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 1475, Noosaville BC, QLD 4566, Australia;

    CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia;

    Biophysical Oceanography Group, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, The University of Queensland, Chamberlain Building, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia, Manta Ray and Whale Shark Research Centre, Marine Megafauna Foundation, Casa Barry Lodge, Tofo Beach, Mozambique;

    School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Goddard Building, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;

    School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Otto Hirschfeld Building, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;

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