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The effects of cage-diving activities on the fine-scale swimming behaviour and space use of white sharks

机译：笼潜水活动对白鲨精细游泳行为和空间利用的影响

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Wildlife tourism has become increasingly popular and is one of the fastest growing sectors of the tourism industry. A radio-acoustic positioning system was deployed to monitor the fine-scale movements of 21 white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) and investigate the effects of shark cage-diving activities on their swimming behaviour and space use. This study contributes towards improving our understanding of the complex relationship between wildlife tourism and its effects on sharks, and assesses how tourism targeting sharks affects behaviour at a finer spatial scale than previously investigated. Our study demonstrated that shark cage-diving operators (SCDO) influenced the fine-scale three-dimensional spatial distribution and the rate of movement of white sharks at the Neptune Islands. White sharks stayed more than 30 m away from the SCDO on 21 % of the days detected, but spent a significant amount of time in close proximity to the SCDO on the remaining days. Individual variation was detected, with some sharks behaviourally responding to SCDO more than others. The degree of variation between individual sharks and the different levels of interaction (e.g. presence, proximity to SCDO, and consumption of tethered bait) highlights the complexity of the relationships between SCDO and the effects on sharks. To improve our understanding of these relationships, future monitoring of shark cage-diving operations requires proximity to SCDO to be recorded in addition to the presence within the area. Further work is needed to assess whether the observed behavioural changes would affect individual fitness and ultimately population viability, which are critical information to unambiguously assess the potential impacts of wildlife tourism targeting sharks.
机译：野生动物旅游已变得越来越受欢迎，并且是旅游业中发展最快的部门之一。部署了无线电声定位系统，以监测21条白鲨（Carcharodon carcharias）的精细运动，并调查鲨鱼笼潜水活动对其游泳行为和空间利用的影响。这项研究有助于增进我们对野生动植物旅游及其对鲨鱼影响的复杂关系的理解，并评估以鲨鱼为目标的旅游业如何在比先前调查的更精细的空间尺度上影响行为。我们的研究表明，鲨鱼笼潜水操作员（SCDO）影响了海王星群岛白鲨的精细尺度三维空间分布和移动速度。在检测到的21％的日子里，白鲨离SCDO的距离超过30 m，但是在剩余的几天里，它们在SCDO的附近花费了大量时间。检测到个体差异，某些鲨鱼在行为上对SCDO的反应比其他鲨鱼多。各个鲨鱼之间的变异程度以及不同程度的相互作用（例如，存在，接近SCDO和消耗链状诱饵）突显了SCDO与鲨鱼影响之间关系的复杂性。为了增进我们对这些关系的理解，未来对鲨鱼笼潜水作业的监视除了需要记录该区域的存在之外，还需要记录与SCDO的接近程度。需要做进一步的工作来评估观察到的行为变化是否会影响个体适应性并最终影响种群生存力，这是明确评估针对鲨鱼的野生动植物旅游业潜在影响的关键信息。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2013年第11期|2863-2875|共13页
  • 作者

    Charlie Huveneers; Paul J. Rogers; Crystal Beckmann; Jayson M. Semmens; Barry D. Bruce; Laurent Seuront;

  • 作者单位

    Threatened, Endangered and Protected Species Sub Program,SARDI-Aquatic Sciences, West Beach, SA 5022, Australia,School of Biological Sciences, Flinders. University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;

    Threatened, Endangered and Protected Species Sub Program,SARDI-Aquatic Sciences, West Beach, SA 5022, Australia;

    School of Biological Sciences, Flinders. University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;

    Fisheries, Aquaculture and Coasts Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia;

    Wealth from Oceans Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific Institute Research Organisation, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia;

    School of Biological Sciences, Flinders. University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;

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