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Morphological adaptation of a planktonic diatom to growth in Antarctic sea ice

机译：浮游硅藻对南极海冰生长的形态学适应

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摘要

Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg is one of the most important planktonic diatom species in the Southern Ocean, making a significant contribution to the total bio mass in the region. Our observations on both field and culture material have revealed the existence of a special ized form of C. dichaeta adapted to living in sea ice. This sea ice form differs from the planktonic form by the shape and orientation of the setae and the aperture length between sibling cells. Thus, the diameter of the chain is equivalent to the apical axes of the cells and is accompanied by a two order of magnitude decrease in minimal space requirement. Here, we report for the first time on the extraordinary overwintering strategy of a planktonic diatom in sea ice facilitated by its rapid morphological adaptation to changing environmental conditions. This morphological plasticity enables it to thrive in the confined space of the sea ice brine matrix and retain its numerical dominance in recurrent growing seasons and has likely evolved to optimally exploit the dynamic ecosystem of the seasonally ice-covered seas of the Southern Ocean.
机译：Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg是南部海洋中最重要的浮游硅藻物种之一，对该地区的生物总量做出了重大贡献。我们对田间和文化材料的观察表明，存在一种适合生活在海冰中的特殊形式的梭状梭菌。这种海冰的形式与浮游生物的形式不同之处在于，它们的刚毛的形状和方向以及同胞之间的孔径长度。因此，链的直径等于细胞的顶轴，并且伴随着最小空间需求的两个数量级的减小。在这里，我们首次报告了浮冰硅藻在海冰中的非常规越冬策略，该策略是通过快速形态变化适应环境条件而实现的。这种形态可塑性使其能够在海冰盐水基质的密闭空间中and壮成长，并在反复的生长季节中保持其数值优势，并且可能已经进化为最佳利用南大洋冰雪覆盖的季节性海洋的动态生态系统。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2012年第4期|p.817-827|共11页
  • 作者

    Ryszard Ligowski; Richard W. Jordan; Philipp Assmy;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Polar Biology and Oceanobiology,University of Lodz, Banacha 12, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;

    Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan;

    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany,Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, 9296 Tromso, Norway;

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