Human-driven spatial and temporal shift in trophodynamics in the Gulf of Maine, USA

John J. Meyer; James E. Byers

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Human-driven spatial and temporal shift in trophodynamics in the Gulf of Maine, USA

机译：人类驱动的美国缅因湾对光动力学的时空变化

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Utilizing marine protected areas (MPAs) to isolate the ecological effects of human influence can help us understand our effect on systems and foster ecosystem-based approaches to management. Specifically, examining invertebrate prey community dynamics inside and outside an MPA may provide a measure of how altering human influence (i.e., certain fishing pressures) affects ecosystem interactions. We measured trophic interactions inside and outside a deep-water temperate MPA over 2 years. Preda-tion rates on tethered, preferred groundfish prey (crabs) were initially identical inside and outside the MPA, but decreased outside the MPA after the commercial ground-fish fishing season commenced. Predation trials using a ubiquitous prey species (brittle stars) and a less preferred prey species (urchins) served as controls, showing no MPA effect. Our experiments quantify differential predatory activity resulting from differences in human activity driven by an MPA, demonstrating important effects of fishing and regulations on the strength of trophic interactions.

机译：利用海洋保护区（MPA）来隔离人类影响的生态影响可以帮助我们了解我们对系统的影响并促进基于生态系统的管理方法。具体而言，检查MPA内外的无脊椎动物猎物群落动态可以提供一种衡量人类影响力变化（即某些捕捞压力）如何影响生态系统相互作用的措施。我们测量了两年内深水温带MPA内外的营养相互作用。拴系的首选底层鱼类猎物（蟹）的捕食率最初在MPA内外均相同，但在商业底层鱼类捕捞季节开始后，在MPA外则有所下降。使用无处不在的猎物（脆星）和次要的猎物（海胆）作为对照的捕食试验，没有MPA效应。我们的实验量化了MPA驱动的人类活动差异所导致的差异性掠食活动，从而证明了捕鱼活动和法规对营养相互作用强度的重要影响。

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《Marine biology》 |2011年第3期|p.631-638|共8页
作者
John J. Meyer; James E. Byers;
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Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire,Puget Sound Partnership, Tacoma, WA 98421, USA;

Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire,Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia,Athens, GA 30602, USA;

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Human-driven spatial and temporal shift in trophodynamics in the Gulf of Maine, USA

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