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Determining the viability of marine protists using a combination of vital, fluorescent stains

机译：结合使用重要的荧光染料确定海洋生物的生存能力

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摘要

Determining the viability of protists and small microzooplankton has long been a focus of studies in marine biology and ecology. It is especially relevant in the issue of shipborne invasive species, and impending international guidelines and various national regulations on the allowable concentrations of organisms in discharged ballast water have spurred the growth of an industry that develops and manufactures ballast water management systems. The success of management systems and ability of ships to meet ballast water discharge standards is determined by the number of viable organisms in treated water. Here, we propose combining two vital, fluorescent stains (fluorescein diacetate [FDA] and 5-chloromethylfluores-cein diacetate [CMFDA]) with direct microscopic observation to enumerate viable organisms >10 and <50 靘 in minimum dimension (nominally protists). This approach was validated in four locations in the United States to determine the efficacy of the stains. Although the accuracy of the stains varied by geographic location and the taxo-nomic composition of the planktonic assemblage, combining fluorescent stains is a robust, powerful tool that can be optimized for the species present at each location. While this method was developed for analyzing viable organisms in treated ballast water, it may also be used or adapted for any field of research that examines a broad taxonomic range of autotrophic and heterotrophic plankton.
机译：确定原生生物和小型微浮游动物的生存力一直是海洋生物学和生态学研究的重点。它在船载入侵物种的问题上特别重要，有关排放的压载水中允许的有机物浓度的国际法规和各种国家法规的出台刺激了发展和制造压载水管理系统的行业的发展。管理系统的成功与否，以及船舶能否满足压载水排放标准的能力，取决于处理后水中活菌的数量。在这里，我们建议结合两种重要的荧光染料（荧光素二乙酸盐[FDA]和5-氯甲基荧光素二乙酸盐[CMFDA]）和直接显微镜观察，以列举最小尺寸> 10和<50（的活生物体（标称原生生物）。该方法已在美国的四个地方得到验证，以确定污渍的功效。尽管污渍的准确性随地理位置和浮游生物组合的分类学组成而变化，但结合使用荧光污渍是一种强大而强大的工具，可以针对每个位置存在的物种进行优化。尽管开发了该方法用于分析经处理的压载水中的活生物体，但它也可用于或适用于检查自养和异养浮游生物的广泛分类学范围的任何研究领域。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2011年第6期|p.1431-1437|共7页
  • 作者

    Mia K. Steinberg; Edward J. Lemieux; Lisa A. Drake;

  • 作者单位

    Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6130, Chemistry Division,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA;

    Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6130, Chemistry Division,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA;

    Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6136, Chemistry Division,Trumbo Point Annex, F-14, Key West, FL 33040. USA;

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