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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Depth-related Shift In Life History Strategies Of A Brooding And Broadcasting Deep-sea Asteroid
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Depth-related Shift In Life History Strategies Of A Brooding And Broadcasting Deep-sea Asteroid

机译：与深度相关的深海小行星的生命和传播历史策略的转变

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Combining field and laboratory work, this study investigated the reproductive cycle, aggregative behavior, spawning periodicity, development and early growth of the sea star Henricia lisa living at bathyal depths off eastern Canada. Marked differences were found between individuals from ～ 1,300 and ～600 m deep. The former had a male biased sex ratio and an aperiodic reproductive cycle, whereas the latter displayed an equal sex ratio and a biannual breeding pattern. Furthermore, the maximum size was larger and female fecundity roughly five times higher in shallower compared to deeper populations. In the tanks, aggregative behavior was recorded twice a year during the summer and winter breeding periods. The onset of aggregations and spawning coincided with a temperature of 3-4℃. Males spawned first and females typically responded inside 30-60 min. Between 12 and 20 eggs were retained to be brooded under the arched arms of the female, whereas the remainder were broadcasted and developed without parental care. The fertilized eggs underwent a first cleavage after 12 h, reached the brachiolaria stage in 1 month, became juveniles within 3-4 months and reached ～ 4 mm in diameter after 14-17 months of growth. The embryos and juveniles developed at the same rate whether brooded or not, and development of winter cohorts was typically slower due to lower prevailing temperatures. This study of H. lisa provides the first evidence of lecithotrophy in a seasonally breeding deep-sea echinoderm and of brooding in a deep-sea asteroid.
机译：结合野外工作和实验室工作，本研究调查了生活在加拿大东部海底深处的海星Henricia lisa的繁殖周期，聚集行为，产卵周期，发育和早期生长。在〜1300和〜600 m深处的个体之间发现明显的差异。前者的性别比为男性偏见，生殖周期为非周期性，而后者的性别比为平等，每两年繁殖一次。此外，最大的规模更大，而浅层的女性生殖力比深层的人口高大约五倍。在水箱中，在夏季和冬季繁殖期每年记录两次集聚行为。聚集和产卵的发生与温度为3-4℃相吻合。雄性首先产卵，雌性通常在30-60分钟内作出反应。保留了12到20个卵，将其孵化在雌性的弓形臂下，而其余的卵在没有父母照料的情况下进行繁殖和繁殖。受精卵在12 h后进行第一次卵裂，在1个月内达到臂尾stage阶段，在3-4个月内成为幼体，并在14-17个月的生长后达到约4 mm的直径。不论是否繁殖，胚胎和幼虫的生长速度都相同，并且由于较低的盛行温度，冬季队列的发育通常较慢。这项对丽莎的研究为季节性繁殖的深海棘皮动物的神经营养障碍和深海小行星的孵化提供了第一个证据。

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