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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Sympagohydra Tuuli (cnidaria, Hydrozoa): First Report From Sea Ice Of The Central Arctic Ocean And Insights Into Histology, Reproduction And Locomotion
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Sympagohydra Tuuli (cnidaria, Hydrozoa): First Report From Sea Ice Of The Central Arctic Ocean And Insights Into Histology, Reproduction And Locomotion

机译：Sympagohydra Tuuli（刺孢子虫，Hydrozoa）：中北冰洋海冰的第一份报告以及对组织学，繁殖和运动的见解

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摘要

Various cnidarians have adapted their life style to interstitial habitats of marine sediments. Recently, for the first time a hydroid was reported from the interstitial brine channel system of Arctic fast ice. Due to its derived features, the new genus and species Sympagohydra tuuli was introduced. Here we describe findings of S. tuuli in sea ice at several sites within the central Arctic Ocean. In our view the results of this study do not allow assignment of Sympagohydra to any known family and we, therefore, suggest the introduction of a new family Sympagohydridae which is placed within the hydrozoan subclass Hydroidolina, order Anthomedusae, suborder Capitata. A first detailed histological analysis of S. tuuli is presented. In vivo analysis of locomotion and reproduction revealed a remarkable convergent evolution in S. tuuli and distant meiobenthic relatives. Shared traits are a flagellated epidermis enabling the animals to glide within small interstices by means of flagellar beating as well as an internalised embryogenesis. In S. tuuli gametogenesis occurs in the absence of gono-phores inbetween gastro- and epidermis clearly separated from the epidermis. Budding was observed as the vegetative mode of reproduction. Documentation of feeding behaviour identified copepod nauplii and rotifers as prey items and demonstrates a high trophical position of the hydroids within the sympagic food web. Occurrence of reproducing individuals and pronounced tolerances towards changing temperatures and salinities indicate S. tuuli as a truly sympagic species.
机译：各种各样的cnidarians使其生活方式适应了海洋沉积物的间隙生境。最近，首次从北极速冻冰间质盐水通道系统中报告了一种水合物。由于其衍生特征，引入了新属和种Sympagohydra tuuli。在这里，我们描述了北冰洋中部几个站点在海冰中发现的S. tuuli的发现。我们认为，这项研究的结果不允许将Sympagohydra分配给任何已知的家族，因此，我们建议引入一个新的Sympagohydridae家族，将其放在Hydrozoan亚纲Hydroidolina中，定为Anthomedusae，其为Capitata。提出了对S. tuuli的第一个详细的组织学分析。体内运动和生殖的分析表明，S。tuuli和遥远的中底贝亲属有明显的趋同进化。共有的特征是具有鞭毛的表皮，使动物能够通过鞭毛殴打和内在的胚胎发生，在小间隙内滑动。在S. tuuli中，配子发生在胃和表皮之间明显缺乏表皮的淋巴结不存在的情况下。萌芽被认为是无性繁殖方式。进食行为的记录表明co足无节幼体和轮虫是猎物，并证明水状食物在营养食物网中的营养位置很高。繁殖个体的出现以及对变化的温度和盐度的明显耐受性表明土乌链球菌是真正的共生物种。

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