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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Distribution Of Common Dolphins (delphinus Spp.)in The Western Atlantic Ocean: A Critical Re-examination
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Distribution Of Common Dolphins (delphinus Spp.)in The Western Atlantic Ocean: A Critical Re-examination

机译：西大西洋中常见海豚的分布：一次重要的重新审查

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摘要

Due to indications that misidentification (largely confusion among dolphins of the genera Delphinus and Stenella) in the past had led to erroneous assumptions of distribution of the two species of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis and D. capensis) in the western Atlantic Ocean, we conducted a critical re-examination of records of the genus Delphinus from this region. We compiled 460 'plottable' records, required support for confirmation of genus and species identifications, and found many records lacking (and some clearly misidentified). When we plotted only the valid records (n = 364), we found evidence of populations in only three areas, and apparent absence throughout much of the tropical/subtropical regions. Off the east coast of the US and Canada, D. delphis is found from the Georgia/South Carolina border (32°N) north to about 47-50°N off Newfoundland. Since the 1960s, they have apparently been absent from Florida waters. There is no evidence that dolphins of the genus occur in the Gulf of Mexico. Reports of common dolphins from most of the Caribbean Basin are also rejected, and the only place in that region where they are confirmed to occur is off central-eastern Venezuela (a coastal D. capensis population). Off eastern South America, common dolphins appear to be restricted to south of 20°S. There is a coastal long-beaked population found in the South Brazil Bight, and one or more short-beaked populations south and offshore of this (ranging south to at least northern Argentina). The results are very different from commonly-accepted patterns of distribution for the genus in the Atlantic. Most areas of distribution coincide with moderate to strong upwelling and common dolphins appear to avoid warm, tropical waters. This study shows that great care must be taken in identification of similar-appearing long-beaked delphinids, and that uncritical acceptance of records at face value can lead to incorrect assumptions about the ranges of the species involved.
机译：由于有迹象表明，过去的错误识别（在海豚属和海豚属中的海豚之间普遍存在混淆）导致人们错误地假设了两种常见海豚（Delphinus delphis和D. capensis）在西大西洋的分布。对来自该地区的德尔菲属的记录进行了重要的重新检查。我们编辑了460条“可绘制”记录，需要为确认属和物种识别提供支持，并且发现许多记录缺乏（有些记录显然是错误识别的）。当我们只绘制有效记录（n = 364）时，我们发现只有三个区域的人口证据，并且在整个热带/亚热带地区显然都没有。在美国和加拿大的东海岸附近，发现了D. delphis，它从乔治亚州/南卡罗来纳州边界（北纬32°）到纽芬兰约北47-50°N。自1960年代以来，它们显然不在佛罗里达水域。没有证据表明该海豚属发生在墨西哥湾。关于加勒比海大部分地区常见海豚的报道也被拒绝，该地区唯一确认发生海豚的地方是委内瑞拉中东部（沿海D. capensis种群）。在南美东部以外，普通海豚似乎仅限于20°S以南。在南巴西湾发现了一个沿海长喙种群，在此以南和近海有一个或多个短喙种群（至少在南部到阿根廷北部）。结果与大西洋地区普遍接受的分布模式大不相同。大多数分布区域与中度到强烈上升流相吻合，普通海豚似乎避开温暖的热带水域。这项研究表明，在识别外观相似的长喙飞燕类动物时必须格外小心，而且不加批判地接受记录的票面价值可能会导致对所涉物种范围的错误假设。

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