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Do activity costs determine foraging tactics for an arctic seabird?

机译：活动成本是否确定北极海鸟的觅食策略？

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摘要

How energy costs affect foraging decisions is poorly understood for marine animals. To provide data relevant to this topic, we examined the relationship between activity levels and foraging behavior by attaching activity recorders to 29 chick-rearing wing-propelled diving birds (thick-billed murres, Uria lomvia) in 1999-2000. We connected the activity during the final dive bout with the prey item we observed being fed to the chicks. After accounting for changes in activity level with depth, activity was highest during the final dive of a dive bout, reflecting maneu-vring during prey capture. Pelagic prey items, especially invertebrates (amphipods), were associated with higher depth-corrected activity, leading to shorter dives for a given depth (presumably due to higher oxygen consumptionrnrates) and, thus, shorter search times (lower bottom time for a given depth). Pelagic prey items were likely captured during active pursuit, with the birds actively seeking and pursuing schooling mid-water prey. In contrast, benthic prey involved low activity and extended search times, suggesting that the birds slowly glided along the bottom in search for prey hidden in the sediments or rocks. We concluded that activity levels are important in determining the foraging tactics of marine predators.
机译：对于海洋动物而言，能源成本如何影响觅食决策知之甚少。为了提供与该主题相关的数据，我们在1999-2000年期间通过将活动记录器附加到29只育雏的机翼推进潜水鸟（厚嘴海res，Uria lomvia）上，研究了活动水平与觅食行为之间的关系。我们将最后一次潜水比赛中的活动与我们观察到的喂食给小鸡的猎物联系起来。在考虑了活动水平随深度的变化之后，在一次潜水回合的最后一次潜水中活动最高，反映了捕获猎物时的机动性。海洋中的猎物，尤其是无脊椎动物（两栖动物），与较高的深度校正活动有关，导致在给定深度处的潜水时间较短（大概是由于耗氧量较高），因此，搜索时间较短（给定深度的底部时间较短） ）。远洋猎物可能是在积极追捕期间捕获的，而鸟类则积极寻找和追求在水中的猎物。相比之下，底栖猎物的活动量低，搜寻时间延长，这表明鸟类在底部缓慢滑行以寻找隐藏在沉积物或岩石中的猎物。我们得出的结论是，活动水平对于确定海洋捕食者的觅食策略很重要。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2009年第9期|1809-1816|共8页
  • 作者

    Kyle H. Elliott; Kerry J. Woo; Silvano Benvenuti;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Zoology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;

    Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada;

    Dipartimento di Etologia, Ecologia ed Evoluzione, University of Pisa, Via volta 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;

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