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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Cytoenzymatic investigation of intracellular digestion in the symbiont-bearing hydrothermal bivalve Bathymodiolus azoricus
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Cytoenzymatic investigation of intracellular digestion in the symbiont-bearing hydrothermal bivalve Bathymodiolus azoricus

机译：含共生热液双壳偶氮贝氏梭菌胞内消化的细胞酶学研究

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摘要

Invertebrates harbouring endosymbiotic chemo-autotrophic bacteria are widely distributed in a variety of reducing marine habitats, including deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Bathymodiolids are dominants of the biomass at geochemically distinct vent sites of the Mid Atlantic Ridge (MAR) and thus are good candidates to study biological processes in response to site-specific conditions. To satisfy their nutritional requirements, these organisms depend to varying extent on two types of chemoautotrophic symbionts and on filterfeeding. The quantitative relationships of the nutritional modes are poorly understood. Using enzyme cytochemistry, electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis, the structural and functional aspects of the cellular equipment necessary for lysosomal digestion was studied. We provide evidence for the following: (1) the basis of intracellular digestion of symbionts in Bathymodiolus azoricus from two geochemically distinct vent sites was not mainly in the large lysosomal bodies as previously thought (based on the membranous content resembling bacteria); (2) senescent bacteria are autolysed, possibly by bacterial acid phosphatase, that is more likely a cell cycling of the symbionts rather than an active lysosomal digestion by the host; (3) the consistent absence of hydrolases may indicate the improper use of the name "lysosome" for large vesicles at the base of the gill bacteriocytes (4) nutrient transfer in B. azoricus, therefore, may more likely be accomplished through leaking of metabolites from the symbiont to the host, not excluding lysosomal resorption of dead bacteria as an auxiliary strategy for organic molecule transfer; (5) evidence is provided for microvillar transfer of substances from the seawater that may indicate filter-feeding, in non-symbiotic ciliated gill cells of mussels from Lucky Strike; (6) two types of lysosomal vesicles can be distinguished in digestive cells based on their enzymatic content and their elemental composition.
机译：带有内共生化学自养细菌的无脊椎动物广泛分布在各种减少的海洋生境中，包括深海热液喷口。乙藻糖苷是大西洋中脊（MAR）在地球化学上不同的喷口处生物量的主要成分，因此是研究针对特定地点条件的生物过程的良好候选者。为了满足其营养需求，这些生物在不同程度上取决于两种化学自养共生体和滤食。营养模式的定量关系知之甚少。使用酶细胞化学，电子显微镜和X射线显微分析，研究了溶酶体消化所必需的细胞设备的结构和功能方面。我们为以下提供证据：（1）从两个地球化学上不同的排气孔位置的偶氮巴斯德氏菌共生体的细胞内消化的基础并不像以前认为的那样主要在大的溶酶体中（基于类似于细菌的膜含量）； （2）衰老细菌可能被细菌酸性磷酸酶自动分解，这很可能是共生体的细胞循环而不是宿主主动的溶酶体消化。 （3）水解酶的持续缺乏可能表明at小细菌细胞底部的大囊泡不适当地使用了“溶酶体”这一名称。（4）偶氮芽孢杆菌中的营养转移可能因此是通过代谢物的泄漏来实现的。从共生体到宿主，不排除死菌的溶酶体吸收作为有机分子转移的辅助策略； （5）提供了证据，证明来自Lucky Strike的贻贝的非共生纤毛g细胞中从海水中微物质转移的物质可能表明过滤器正在喂食； （6）在消化细胞中，根据其酶含量和元素组成可以区分两种溶酶体囊泡。

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