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Ink utilization by mesopelagic squid

机译：中古乌贼对油墨的利用

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摘要

Remotely operated vehicle dive video recordings of deep-sea squid ink release were examined to determine species, ink release type, release depth, and accompanying behavior/s. Ink release was commonly observed between the surface and 1,842.1 m in Monterey Bay, CA, and surrounding waters. Six ink release types were observed: pseudomorphs, pseudomorph series, ink ropes, clouds/smokescreens, diffuse puffs and mantle fills. Each species released ink throughout all or most of its depth range; inking was not limited to shallow, sunlit waters. Individuals of each species produced one ink release type more commonly than other types, however, multiple ink types could be released by individuals of all species. Common behaviors preceded and/or followed each release type; pseudomorphs and pseudomorph series were generally associated with escape behaviors, while ink ropes, clouds, and puffs normally involved the animal remaining adjacent to or amid the ink. Deep-sea squids may use ink for defensive purposes similar to those of shallow-dwelling species when they release pseudomorphs, pseudomorph series, or large clouds, and may use ink puffs in intra-specific communication. The function of ink ropes and mantle fills is unknown.
机译：检查了深海鱿鱼墨水释放的远程车辆潜水录像，以确定种类，墨水释放类型，释放深度和伴随行为。在加利福尼亚州蒙特利湾和周围水域的表面和1,842.1 m之间通常观察到墨水释放。观察到六种墨水释放类型：假​​变形，假变形系列，墨绳，云雾/烟幕，散粉扑和地幔填充物。每个物种在其全部或大部分深度范围内释放墨水。着墨不仅限于浅水，阳光照射的水域。每个物种的个体比其他类型的个体更普遍地产生一种墨水释放类型，但是，所有物种的个体都可以释放多种墨水类型。每种发行类型之前和/或之后的常见行为；伪变形和伪变形系列通常与逃逸行为有关，而墨绳，云朵和粉扑通常会牵涉到与油墨相邻或位于油墨之中的动物。深海乌贼释放伪造物，伪造物系列或大云时，可以将墨水用于防御目的，类似于浅居乌贼，并且可以在种内进行交流时使用墨水。墨绳和地幔填充的功能尚不清楚。

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