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Morphological and molecular comparisons of dominant amphioxus populations in the China Seas

机译:中国海主要两栖类种群的形态和分子比较

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The amphioxi Branchiostoma belcheri, Bran-chiostoma japonicum and Branchiostoma malayanum are recorded from the coast of China Seas. Six amphioxus populations comprising three Branchiostoma species collected from Hong Kong (southern China), Xiamen (southeastern China) and Qingdao (northern China) were compared at the morphological and molecular levels. Phylogenetic separations among the species and geographic populations were evaluated by the analysis of 12S ribosomal RNA gene sequences and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. From morphological characters, B. belcheri is more closely related to B. japonicum than to B. malayanum. However, phylogenetic affinities indicated by both 12S rRNA gene sequences and AFLP analysis showed a more recent phylogenetic splitting of B. belcheri and B. malayanum than that of B. belcheri and B. japonicum. In the AFLP similarity tree, geographic populations of B. japonicum were clustered into different clades. The AFLP data also showed that both B. belcheri and B. japonicum populations in Hong Kong have the highest levels of within-population genetic diversity as compared to that in Xiamen and Qingdao, suggesting that genetic diversity of Branchiostoma decreases from low to high latitudes. Results of hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) also revealed a high level of genetic diversity either for the three B. japonicum populations or the two B. belcheri populations in China Seas. However, genetic variation among the three B. japonicum populations was insignificant, indicating that these populations are genetically connected.
机译:记录了中国海沿岸的两栖动物Belcheriostoma belcheri,Bran-chiostoma japonicum和Malayanum。在形态和分子水平上,比较了从香港(中国南部),厦门(中国东南)和青岛(中国北部)收集的包含三种分支气孔物种的六个两栖动物种群。通过分析12S核糖体RNA基因序列和扩增的片段长度多态性(AFLP)标记,评估了物种和地理种群之间的系统发生分离。从形态特征来看,B。belcheri与日本血吸虫的关系比与马拉雅血吸虫的关系更紧密。但是,由12S rRNA基因序列和AFLP分析表明的亲缘关系显示,B。belcheri和B. malayanum的系统发生比B. belcheri和B. japonicum更新。在AFLP相似性树中,日本血吸虫的地理种群被聚集成不同的进化枝。 AFLP数据还显示,与厦门和青岛相比,香港的B. belcheri和B. japonicum种群的种群内遗传多样性水平最高,这表明分支口的遗传多样性从低纬度降低到高纬度。分子变异等级分析(AMOVA)的结果还显示,在中国海中,三个日本血吸虫种群或两个Bel。Belcheri种群的遗传多样性水平很高。但是,三个日本血吸虫种群之间的遗传变异不明显,表明这些种群具有遗传联系。

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