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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Trophic modification of essential fatty acids by heterotrophic protists and its effects on the fatty acid composition of the copepod Acartia tonsa
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Trophic modification of essential fatty acids by heterotrophic protists and its effects on the fatty acid composition of the copepod Acartia tonsa

机译：异养原生物对必需脂肪酸的营养修饰及其对the足pe螨的脂肪酸组成的影响

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摘要

To test whether heterotrophic protists modify precursors of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn—3PUFAs) present in the algae they eat, two algae with different fatty acid contents (Rhodomonas salina and Dunaliella tertiolecta) were fed to the heterotrophic protists Oxyrrhis marina Dujardin and Gyrodinium do-minans Hulbert. These experiments were conducted in August 2004. Both predators and prey were analyzed for fatty acid composition. To further test the effects of trophic upgrading, the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa Dana was fed R. salina, D. tertiolecta, or O. marina that had been growing on D. tertiolecta (OM-DT) in March 2005. Our results show that trophic upgrading was species-specific. The presence of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the heterotrophic protists despite the lack of these fatty acids in the algal prey suggests that protists have the ability to elongate and desaturate 18:3 (n-3), a precursor of LCn-3PUFAs, to EPA and/or DHA. A lower content of these fatty acids was detected in protists that were fed good-quality algae. Feeding experiments with A. tonsa showed that copepods fed D. tertiolecta had a significantly lower content of EPA and DHA than those fed OM-DT. The concentration of EPA was low on both diets, while DHA content was highest in A. tonsa fed R. salina and OM-DT. These results suggest that O. marina was able to trophically upgrade the nutritional quality of the poor-quality alga, and efficiently supplied DHA to the next trophic level. The low amount of EPA in A. tonsa suggests EPA may be catabolized by the copepod.
机译：为了测试异养原生生物是否对他们食用的藻类中存在的长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（LCn-3PUFAs）的前体进行了修饰，向异养原生生物Oxyrrhis marina喂食了两种具有不同脂肪酸含量的藻类（Rhodomonas salina和Dunaliella tertiolecta）。杜哈丁（Dujardin）和Gyrodinium do-minans Hulbert。这些实验于2004年8月进行。分析了捕食者和猎物的脂肪酸组成。为了进一步测试营养升级的效果，2005年3月，给cal足类co足类A螨Acartiatona Dana喂食了在D. tertiolecta（OM-DT）上生长的R. salina，D。tertiolecta或O. marina。我们的结果表明营养升级是针对特定物种的。尽管藻类猎物中缺少这些脂肪酸，但异养生物中仍存在二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），这表明生物体能够延长和降低18：3（n-3）（一种前体）的饱和度LCn-3PUFA的产品，以符合EPA和/或DHA的要求。在饲喂优质藻类的原生生物中检测到这些脂肪酸的含量较低。用A.tonsa饲喂的实验表明，饲喂D. tertiolecta的co足类动物的EPA和DHA含量明显低于饲喂OM-DT的co足类动物。两种日粮中EPA的浓度均较低，而饲喂罗氏沼虾和OM-DT的A.tonsa中DHA含量最高。这些结果表明，滨海稻能够从营养上提高劣质藻类的营养质量，并有效地将DHA提供给下一个营养水平。扁桃体中EPA含量低表明suggests足类动物可能分解了EPA。

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