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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Temperature, salinity, and prey effects on polyp versus medusa bud production by the invasive hydrozoan Moerisia lyonsi
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Temperature, salinity, and prey effects on polyp versus medusa bud production by the invasive hydrozoan Moerisia lyonsi

机译：温度，盐度和猎物对入侵性水生动物Moerisia lyonsi对息肉和水母芽的影响

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摘要

Hydrozoan species are renowned for flexible asexual reproduction, which may predispose them to be successful invaders. Polyps of the invasive hydrozoan Moerisia lyonsi (Boulenger, 1908) have very high rates of asexual production of both polyp and medusa buds. In order to determine how environmental factors affect asexual reproduction in M. lyonsi, the quantitative relationships between polyp bud and medusa bud production were studied in a 31-day laboratory experiment during August 2001. The combined effects of prey (4, 8, 12, 16 Acartia tonsa copepods polyp(-1) day(-1)), temperature (20° C, 29° C), and salinity (5, 15, 25) were tested on the development times for polyp buds (DTp) and medusa buds (DTm), the total asexual reproduction rate (ARR, no. buds polyp(-1) day(-1)), and the ratio of medusa bud to total bud production (R-m). Greater food consumption significantly and directly enhanced ARR and R-m and shortened DTp and DTm. A lower temperature (20° C) and higher salinity (25) reduced food consumption, lengthened development times, and decreased ARR and R-m, with opposite effects for the higher temperature (29° C) and lowest salinity (5). The patterns of variation of these reproductive parameters are more complex. DTm was most sensitive and was significantly and directly affected by all three measured factors. In addition to food consumption, direct effects were seen by temperature on DTp and by salinity on R-m. ARR was directly affected only by food consumption. Overall, DTp, DTm, and R-m were more sensitive to environmental differences than was ARR. More favorable conditions enhanced medusa bud production. The adaptive reproductive processes and their significance for the maintenance and dispersal of M. lyonsi are discussed.
机译：水生动物以无性繁殖的灵活性而闻名，这可能使它们成为成功的入侵者。侵入性水生动物Moerisia lyonsi（Boulenger，1908）的息肉对息肉和水母芽的无性繁殖率很高。为了确定环境因素如何影响M. lyonsi的无性繁殖，在2001年8月的31天实验室实验中研究了息肉芽和美杜莎芽生产之间的定量关系。猎物的综合影响（4、8、12对息肉芽（DTp）和美杜莎的发育时间测试了16种螨pe足类息肉（-1）day（-1）），温度（20°C; 29°C; 29°C）和盐度（5、15、25）芽（DTm），总无性繁殖率（ARR，芽息肉数（-1）天（-1））以及水母芽与芽总产量的比值（Rm）。大量的食物消耗显着并直接提高了ARR和R-m并缩短了DTp和DTm。较低的温度（20°C）和较高的盐度（25）减少了食物消耗，延长了发育时间，降低了ARR和R-m，对较高的温度（29°C; C）和最低盐度（5）具有相反的作用。这些生殖参数的变化方式更为复杂。 DTm最敏感，并且受所有三个测得的因素显着直接影响。除了食物消费，温度对DTp和盐度对R-m都有直接影响。 ARR仅受食物消费直接影响。总体而言，DTp，DTm和R-m对环境差异的敏感性高于ARR。更有利的条件提高了水母芽的产量。讨论了适应性生殖过程及其在维持和传播ly。lyonsi的意义。

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