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Geographical gradients of marine herbivorous fishes: patterns and processes

机译：海洋草食性鱼类的地理梯度：模式和过程

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摘要

We present new data and the first rigorous analysis of latitudinal and thermal gradients of diversity, density and biomass of marine herbivorous fishes and review proposed explanatory mechanisms. Consistently, negative relationships between latitude, and positive relationships between sea surface temperature (SST), and relative richness and relative abundance of herbivorous fishes were found worldwide. Significant differences in the strength of gradients of richness and abundance with latitude and SST between tropical and extratropical zones were found consistently across ocean basins. Standardized sampling along the western Atlantic also showed negative relationships between latitude and total density and biomass. The trends, however, are driven by different components of the fish assemblages (i.e., scarids in the Caribbean and acan-thurids in Brazil). Patterns of abundance along thermal gradients, generally associated with extensive latitudinal gradients, also were found at the local scale. Feeding rate of the ocean surgeonfish Acanthurus bahianus decreases with temperature more rapidly than the mean metabolic rate of teleost fishes. This relationship suggests a temperature-related physiological constraint. From the new standardized and comparative data presented and the review of the explanatory hypotheses, we conclude that temperature-related feeding and digestive processes are most likely involved in the distribution patterns of herbivorous fishes.
机译：我们提出了新的数据，并对海洋草食鱼类的多样性，密度和生物量的纬度和温度梯度进行了首次严格分析，并回顾了提出的解释机制。一致地，在全球范围内发现了纬度之间的负相关关系，海面温度（SST）之间的正相关关系以及草食鱼的相对丰富度和相对丰度。在热带和温带地区之间，在整个海洋盆地中，丰富度，丰度梯度随纬度和海温的强度差异显着。沿西大西洋的标准化采样也显示纬度与总密度和生物量之间存在负相关关系。但是，这种趋势是由鱼群的不同组成部分所驱动的（例如，加勒比海地区的甲虫和巴西的阿坎苏里德鱼）。沿着热梯度的丰度模式，通常与广泛的纬度梯度有关，也在局部尺度上被发现。海洋刺尾鱼Acanthurus bahianus的摄食率随温度的降低比硬骨鱼的平均代谢率更快。这种关系表明温度相关的生理限制。从提出的新的标准化和比较数据以及解释性假设的回顾中，我们得出结论，与温度有关的摄食和消化过程最有可能与草食鱼的分布方式有关。

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