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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Spatial and temporal variability in somatic growth of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) resident in the Hawaiian Archipelago
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Spatial and temporal variability in somatic growth of green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) resident in the Hawaiian Archipelago

机译：居住在夏威夷群岛的绿海龟（Chelonia mydas）体细胞生长的时空变化

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摘要

The somatic growth dynamics of green turtles ( Chelonia mydas) resident in five separate foraging grounds within the Hawaiian Archipelago were assessed using a robust non-parametric regression modelling approach. The foraging grounds range from coral reef habitats at the north-western end of the archipelago, to coastal habitats around the main islands at the southeastern end of the archipelago. Pelagic juveniles recruit to these neritic foraging grounds from ca. 35 cm SCL or 5 kg ( similar to 6 years of age), but grow at foraging-ground-specific rates, which results in quite different size- and age-specific growth rate functions. Growth rates were estimated for the five populations as change in straight carapace length ( cm SCL year) 1) and, for two of the populations, also as change in body mass ( kg year) 1). Expected growth rates varied from ca. 0 - 2.5 cm SCL year) 1, depending on the foraging-ground population, which is indicative of slow growth and decades to sexual maturity, since expected size of first-time nesters is greater than or equal to 80 cm SCL. The expected size- specific growth rate functions for four populations sampled in the southeastern archipelago displayed a non-monotonic function, with an immature growth spurt at ca. 50 - 53 cm SCL ( similar to 18 - 23 kg) or ca. 13 - 19 years of age. The growth spurt for the Midway atoll population in the northwestern archipelago occurs at a much larger size ( ca. 65 cm SCL or 36 kg), because of slower immature growth rates that might be due to a limited food stock and cooler sea surface temperature. Expected age-at-maturity was estimated to be ca. 35 - 40 years for the four populations sampled at the south-eastern end of the archipelago, but it might well be > 50 years for the Midway population. The Hawaiian stock comprises mainly the same mtDNA haplotype, with no differences in mtDNA stock composition between foraging-ground populations, so that the geographic variability in somatic growth rates within the archipelago is more likely due to local environmental factors rather than genetic factors. Significant temporal variability was also evident, with expected growth rates declining over the last 10 - 20 years, while green turtle abundance within the archipelago has increased significantly since the mid-1970s. This inverse relationship between somatic growth rates and population abundance suggests a density-dependent effect on somatic growth dynamics that has also been reported recently for a Caribbean green turtle stock. The Hawaiian green turtle stock is characterised by slow growth rates displaying significant spatial and temporal variation and an immature growth spurt. This is consistent with similar findings for a Great Barrier Reef green turtle stock that also comprises many foraging-ground populations spanning a wide geographic range.
机译：使用强大的非参数回归建模方法评估了居住在夏威夷群岛五个单独觅食场中的绿海龟（Chelonia mydas）的体细胞生长动力学。觅食地的范围从群岛西北端的珊瑚礁栖息地到群岛东南端的主要岛屿周围的沿海栖息地。远洋幼鱼从约20世纪60年代开始募集到这些觅食地。 35厘米SCL或5千克（类似于6岁），但以特定于地面的觅食方式生长，这导致不同的特定大小和特定年龄的生长速度功能。估计五个种群的增长率为甲壳的直长（cm SCL年）1），两个种群的增长率也为体重（kg kg）1）。预期增长率大约为0-2.5 cm SCL年）1，这取决于觅食的地面人口，这表明生长缓慢，而且性成熟期长达数十年，因为首次筑巢的预期大小大于或等于80 cm SCL。在东南群岛采样的四个种群的预期的特定于大小的增长率函数显示出非单调函数，未成熟的生长突增大约为。 50-53厘米SCL（约18-23千克）或13-19岁。西北群岛中途环礁种群的生长突增较大（约65 cm SCL或36 kg），这是由于未成熟的生长速度较慢，这可能是由于有限的食物资源和较低的海面温度所致。预期的成熟年龄大约为。在群岛的东南端采样的四个种群的生存时间为35-40年，但中途岛种群的生存时间可能超过50年。夏威夷种群主要包括相同的mtDNA单倍型，在地面觅食的种群之间mtDNA种群组成没有差异，因此，群岛内体细胞生长率的地理变异更有可能是由于当地环境因素而非遗传因素所致。明显的时间变异性也很明显，在过去的10至20年中，预期的增长率下降了，而自1970年代中期以来，群岛中的绿海龟数量大大增加了。体细胞生长速率与种群数量之间的这种反比关系表明，对体细胞生长动力学的依赖密度的效应最近也有关于加勒比海绿海龟种群的报道。夏威夷绿龟种群的特点是生长速度缓慢，显示出明显的时空变化和不成熟的生长突增。这与大堡礁绿海龟种群的类似发现是一致的，该种群还包括分布在广泛地理范围内的许多觅食地面种群。

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