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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Reproductive parameters and factors influencing calf survival of bottlenose dolphins that engage in a unique foraging cooperation with fishermen
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Reproductive parameters and factors influencing calf survival of bottlenose dolphins that engage in a unique foraging cooperation with fishermen

机译：宽吻海豚的繁殖参数和影响小牛存活的因素，它们与渔民进行独特的觅食合作

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A subset of the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus gephyreus population in Laguna, southern Brazil, specialize in foraging cooperatively with fishermen. In this study, we describe reproductive parameters for these dolphins and investigate whether this specialized tactic generates reproductive advantages for females that frequently engage in this unusual behavior. We analyzed photo-identification data collected during 233 boat-based surveys during 2007-2009 and 2013-2017. From 27,808 high-quality photographs, we identified and tracked the fate of 24 reproductive females and 45 of their calves. Calving was found to be seasonal, with most births occurring in late spring/summer. The average crude birth rate was 0.09, and estimated fecundity was 0.17. The mean inter-birth interval was 2.09 (for all calves) or 2.43 years (for surviving calves only). Survival to 1 and 2 years estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method was 0.78 (95% CI 0.65-0.92) and 0.65 (95% CI 0.51-0.83), respectively-which represents a survival rate in the second year of 0.83. We investigated the potential influence of birth timing, resource availability, and maternal foraging tactic, home range size and frequency of interaction with fishermen on calf survival. Timing of birth was a significant predictor of calf survival. Giving birth close to the local mullet season would provide lactating females with increased seasonal prey resources, leading to increased calf survival. Due to our sample size (n = 9 cooperative and 15 non-cooperative females), we could not conclude whether or not the cooperative foraging tactic influences calf survival and female reproductive success. We emphasize the importance of long-term monitoring of populations to understand regional life history characteristics and provide accurate information for viability analyses.
机译：巴西南部拉古纳的宽吻海豚Tursiops truncatus gephyreus种群的一部分，专门与渔民合作觅食。在这项研究中，我们描述了这些海豚的生殖参数，并研究了这种专门的策略是否为经常从事这种异常行为的雌性产生生殖优势。我们分析了在2007-2009年和2013-2017年进行的233项船基调查中收集的照片识别数据。从27,808张高质量照片中，我们确定并追踪了24名生殖女性及其45头小牛的命运。发现产犊是季节性的，大多数出生在春末/夏末。平均粗出生率为0.09，估计生殖力为0.17。平均出生间隔为2.09（对于所有犊牛）或2.43年（仅对于存活的犊牛）。通过Kaplan-Meier方法估计的1年和2年生存率分别为0.78（95％CI 0.65-0.92）和0.65（95％CI 0.51-0.83），这表示第二年的生存率为0.83。我们调查了出生时间，资源可用性和母体觅食策略，家庭范围大小以及与渔民互动的频率对小牛存活的潜在影响。出生时间是小牛存活的重要预测指标。在接近当地鱼季节分娩将为哺乳期雌性提供更多的季节性猎物资源，从而增加小牛的存活率。由于我们的样本量（n = 9名合作女性和15名非合作女性），我们无法得出合作觅食策略是否影响小牛存活和女性生殖成功的结论。我们强调对人口进行长期监测以了解区域生活史特征并为生存力分析提供准确信息的重要性。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2020年第1期|5.1-5.12|共12页
  • 作者

    Bezamat Carolina; Castilho Pedro V; Simoes-Lopes Paulo C.; Ingram Simon N.; Daura-Jorge Fabio G.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Fed Santa Catarina Ctr Ciencias Biol Dept Ecol & Zool Lab Mamiferos Aquat Caixa Postal 5102 BR-88040970 Florianopolis SC Brazil;

    Univ Estado Santa Catarina Dept Engn Pesca & Ciencias Biol Lab Zool Rua Cel Fernandes Martins 270 BR-88790000 Laguna SC Brazil;

    Univ Plymouth Sch Biol & Marine Sci Plymouth PL4 8AA Devon England;

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