In search of the 'missing majority' of nesting loggerhead turtles: improved inter-seasonal recapture rates through subpopulation-scale genetic tagging

Shamblin Brian M.; Dodd Mark G.; Pate S. Michelle; Godfrey Matthew H.; Pfaller Joseph B.; Williams Kristina L.; Ondich Breanna L.; Steen David A.; Darrow Elizabeth S.; Hillbrand Paul; Boettcher Ruth; Coyne Michael S.; Nairn Campbell J.

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In search of the 'missing majority' of nesting loggerhead turtles: improved inter-seasonal recapture rates through subpopulation-scale genetic tagging

机译：寻找嵌套Loggerhead Turtles的“缺少多数”：通过亚群缩放遗传标记改善季节性间核酸率

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Capture-mark-recapture (CMR) studies on marine turtle nesting beaches provide data on reproductive periodicity that inform population trends and models. Annual survival is estimated from observations of remigration, the return of females in subsequent nesting seasons. However, a significant proportion of tagged females are never encountered remigrating in many studies, presumably due to weak nest site fidelity (NSF). We employed a genetic CMR approach based on subpopulation-scale clutch sampling to conduct a 5-year evaluation of inter-seasonal recapture rates and NSF for Northern Recovery Unit loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta). Of 1770 females genetically tagged from Georgia through Maryland in 2010, 1156 (65%) remigrated between 2011 and 2015. Inter-seasonal NSF, measured as shifts in median latitude nesting locations between years, was highly variable among individuals but strong overall (mean: 15.08 (+/- 44.61) km, median: 1.84 km). Among three focal beaches with nocturnal tagging projects, 69 of 173 females (40%) remigrated onsite whereas 115 (66%) were detected overall. Regional genetic sampling therefore yielded significantly higher inter-seasonal recapture rates, which may improve precision in future survival analyses. However, despite sampling similar to 1000 km with high annual detection probabilities (p*= 0.94), 35% of 2010-females were not detected remigrating. Several non-exclusive hypotheses to explain these remaining "missing" remigrants should be considered: longer remigration intervals, imperfect detection within the study area, emigration to Florida, anthropogenic mortality, and natural mortality or senescence. This genetic tagging approach can be applied over large spatial scales where nesting densities permit, better characterizing inter-seasonal dispersal.

机译：捕获标志 - ReCapture（CMR）关于海龟筑巢海滩的研究提供了关于生殖周期的数据，可通知人口趋势和模型。估计年度生存率估计辞委，妇女在随后的筑巢季节。然而，在许多研究中，从未遇到过大的标记女性的比例，可能是由于嵌套网站保真度薄弱（NSF）。我们采用基于亚群级离合器采样的遗传CMR方法，为北部恢复单位对龟（Caretta Caretta）进行季节性季节性重新捕获率和NSF进行5年的评估。在2010年的2010年通过马里兰州的乔治亚州遗传标记了1770名女性，2011年至2011年间发票。季节性NSF在几年之间以纬度嵌套地点的转变为转变，在个人之间具有高度变化，但总体而言（意思是： 15.08（+/- 44.61）公里，中位数：1.84 km）。在具有夜间标记项目的三个焦平海滩中，69名女性中的69名（40％）在现场发出，而115（66％）总体检测到。因此，区域遗传采样产生明显较高的季节性核肉额重率，这可能会在未来的存活分析中提高精确度。然而，尽管采样类似于1000公里的年度检测概率（P *> = 0.94），但2010年 - 女性的35％未被检测到。应考虑几个非独家假设来解释这些剩余的“缺失”的继封者：较长的辞委，研究区域内的不完美检测，移民，佛罗里达州，人为死亡率和自然死亡或衰老。这种遗传标记方法可以应用于嵌套密度许可的大型空间尺度，更好地表征季节性分散。

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《Marine biology》 |2021年第2期|16.1-16.14|共14页
作者
Shamblin Brian M.; Dodd Mark G.; Pate S. Michelle; Godfrey Matthew H.; Pfaller Joseph B.; Williams Kristina L.; Ondich Breanna L.; Steen David A.; Darrow Elizabeth S.; Hillbrand Paul; Boettcher Ruth; Coyne Michael S.; Nairn Campbell J.;
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Univ Georgia Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources Athens GA 30602 USA;

Georgia Dept Nat Resources One Conservat Way Brunswick GA 31520 USA;

South Carolina Dept Nat Resources POB 12559 Charleston SC 29412 USA;

North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss 1507 Ann St Beaufort NC 28516 USA;

Caretta Res Project POB 9841 Savannah GA 31412 USA|Univ Florida Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res POB 118525 Gainesville FL 32611 USA|Univ Florida Dept Biol POB 118525 Gainesville FL 32611 USA;

Caretta Res Project POB 9841 Savannah GA 31412 USA;

Georgia Sea Turtle Ctr 214 Stable Rd Jekyll Isl GA 31527 USA;

Georgia Sea Turtle Ctr 214 Stable Rd Jekyll Isl GA 31527 USA|Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss Fish & Wildlife Res Inst 1105 SW Williston St Gainesville FL 32601 USA;

Bald Head Isl Conservancy 700 Fed Rd Bald Head Isl NC 28461 USA;

Bald Head Isl Conservancy 700 Fed Rd Bald Head Isl NC 28461 USA;

Virginia Dept Wildlife Resources 12610 Jacobus Creek Rd Machipongo VA 23405 USA;

Seaturtle Org 1 Southampton Pl Durham NC 27705 USA;

Univ Georgia Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources Athens GA 30602 USA;

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In search of the 'missing majority' of nesting loggerhead turtles: improved inter-seasonal recapture rates through subpopulation-scale genetic tagging

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