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Microbial control of bromocarbon concentrations in coastal waters of the western Antarctic Peninsula

机译：南极半岛西部沿海水域中溴碳浓度的微生物控制

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摘要

The marine environment is known to be a source of CHBr_3 and CH_2Br_2 and hence ozone-depleting inorganic bromine to the troposphere but, to date, the dominant processes controlling their concentrations in seawater remain poorly understood. Here results are reported from a series of laboratory experiments designed to investigate bromocarbon dynamics in cultures of marine diatoms and bacteria isolated recently from the Rothera Time-Series (RaTS) site located in coastal waters of the western Antarctic Peninsula. The main focus of this work was an isolate of the centric diatom Thalassiosira sp. Different processes were found to control the concentrations of CHBr_3 and CH_2Br_2 in this culture. The production of CHBr_3 was restricted to the exponential phase of growth suggesting a link with a primary metabolic process and was a factor of 5-6 higher in cultures treated with antibiotics to reduce bacterial activity. ~(13)CHBr_3 additions confirmed that CHBr_3 was not subject to significant bacterial breakdown and hence bacteria are likely to be inhibiting the production of this compound. The rate of ~(13)CH_2Br_2 appearance in the cultures observed following ~(13)CHBr_3 addition suggests that the major source of CH_2Br_2 in the diatom culture was transformation from CHBr_3. CD_2Br_2 additions revealed that CH_2Br_2 was subject to significant breakdown in cultures of both Thalassiosira sp. and a bacterial isolate with apparent loss rate constants ranging from 0.21 to 0.78 day~(-1). These findings are used to produce an empirical scheme describing bromocarbon cycling in natural waters which is validated against measured concentration data from the RaTS site. The detailed process information and schemes presented provide a major step forward towards the development of biogeochemical modules that could be coupled to ecosystem models. These could then be used to predict how sea-to-air biogenic bromine emissions will change under future scenarios.
机译：已知海洋环境是CHBr_3和CH_2Br_2的来源，因此是对流层中消耗臭氧的无机溴的来源，但迄今为止，控制其在海水中的浓度的主要过程仍知之甚少。这里的结果是通过一系列实验室实验报告的，这些实验旨在调查最近从位于南极半岛西部沿海水域的罗瑟拉时间序列（RaTS）地点分离的海洋硅藻和细菌培养物中的溴碳动力学。这项工作的主要重点是分离中心硅藻Thalassiosira sp。发现该培养物中不同的过程可控制CHBr_3和CH_2Br_2的浓度。 CHBr_3的产生被限制在生长的指数期，这表明它与主要的代谢过程有关，并且在用抗生素处理以降低细菌活性的培养物中，CHBr_3的含量高5-6倍。 〜（13）CHBr_3的添加证实CHBr_3不会受到明显的细菌分解，因此细菌很可能会抑制该化合物的产生。 〜（13）CHBr_3加入后观察到的培养物中〜（13）CH_2Br_2出现的速率表明，硅藻培养物中CH_2Br_2的主要来源是CHBr_3的转化。 CD_2Br_2的添加表明CH_2Br_2在Thalassiosira sp。的培养物中均受到明显破坏。细菌分离株的表观损失速率常数为0.21〜0.78day〜（-1）。这些发现可用于产生描述自然水中溴碳循环的经验方案，该方案已根据RaTS站点测得的浓度数据进行了验证。提出的详细过程信息和方案为开发可与生态系统模型耦合的生物地球化学模块迈出了重要一步。然后，这些可以被用来预测在未来的情况下海对空的生物溴的排放量将如何变化。

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  • 来源
    《Marine Chemistry》 |2013年第20期|35-46|共12页
  • 作者

    C. Hughes; M. Johnson; R. Utting; S. Turner; G. Malin; A. Clarke; P.S. Liss;

  • 作者单位

    Laboratory for Global Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7JB, UK;

    Laboratory for Global Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7JB, UK;

    Laboratory for Global Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7JB, UK;

    Laboratory for Global Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7JB, UK;

    Laboratory for Global Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7JB, UK;

    British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OET, UK;

    Laboratory for Global Marine and Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7JB, UK;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    bromocarbons; western antarctic peninsula; biogeochemistry;

    机译：溴碳;西部南极半岛生物地球化学;

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