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首页> 外文期刊>Marine Chemistry >Sources and distributions of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd relative to macronutrients along the central California coast during the spring and summer upwelling season
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Sources and distributions of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd relative to macronutrients along the central California coast during the spring and summer upwelling season

机译：春季和夏季上升季节中加州中部沿海地区相对于大量营养素的锰，铁，钴，镍，铜，锌和镉的来源和分布

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摘要

Coastal upwelling in the central California Current System (cCCS) delivers macro and micronutrients to the surface ocean that fuel biological productivity. Variations in upwelling strength and continental shelf width affect trace metal sources seasonally. The purpose of this study was to investigate various sources and distributions for a suite of dissolved trace metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd) in the cCCS (34-41 °N) as well as to determine the effects of biological uptake, physical advection, and mixing processes on trace metal concentrations during the spring and summer upwelling season. Continental shelf sediments did not substantially affect upwelled concentrations of Ni, Zn, and Cd - three typical nutrient-type trace metals. However, shelf sediments provided a significant external source for Mn, Fe, Co, and Cu - scavenged and hybrid-type trace metals. There was no clear seasonal trend in benthic boundary layer (BBL) Fe concentrations; however, higher concentrations of Mn and Co together with lower O_2 concentrations were found in the BBL in the late summer compared to early spring. Conversely, there was a higher sedimentary Cu source to the BBL in the early spring before O_2 concentrations dropped. Surface transect samples along the Big Sur Coast (May, 2010) and North Coast (August, 2011) demonstrated both mixing and biological assimilation of NO_3~- and trace metals. Iron and Zn showed accelerated drawdown relative to NO_3~- during both seasons suggesting an increased metal to nitrogen drawdown ratio at higher dissolved metal concentrations. Surface Mn and Co concentrations were higher in the late summer and both showed evidence for accelerated drawdown relative to NO_3~-. Cadmium and Ni were strongly correlated with NO_3~- indicating that both are affected by a combination of assimilation and regeneration at a constant rate relative to NO_3~-; however, Cd showed slightly increased drawdown in aged upwelled waters during the late summer when Zn and Fe concentrations were low. This study provides field trace metal and macronutrient data supporting past laboratory studies suggesting that complex biological interactions are a key control on trace metal distributions and marine bio-geochemical cycles.
机译：加利福尼亚中部现行水系（cCCS）的沿海上升流将大量和微量营养素输送到表层海洋，为生物生产力提供了动力。上升强度和大陆架宽度的变化会季节性影响痕量金属来源。这项研究的目的是调查cCCS（34-41°N）中一系列溶解的痕量金属（Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu，Zn和Cd）的各种来源和分布，并确定春季和夏季上升季节中生物吸收，物理对流和混合过程对微量金属浓度的影响。大陆架沉积物基本上没有影响镍，锌和镉（三种典型的营养型微量金属）的上涌浓度。但是，陆架沉积物为Mn，Fe，Co和Cu清除和杂化类型的痕量金属提供了重要的外部来源。底栖边界层（BBL）的铁含量没有明显的季节性趋势。然而，与初春相比，夏末BBL中锰和钴的浓度较高，而O_2的浓度较低。相反，在O_2浓度下降之前，早春BBL的沉积铜源较高。大苏尔海岸（2010年5月）和北海岸（2011年8月）的地表样样品显示了NO_3〜-和痕量金属的混合和生物同化。在两个季节中，铁和锌均显示出相对于NO_3〜-的加速下降，这表明在较高的溶解金属浓度下，金属与氮的下降比增加。夏末的表面锰和钴浓度较高，并且都显示出相对于NO_3〜-加速下降的证据。镉和镍与NO_3〜-密切相关，表明二者均受相对于NO_3〜-恒定速率的同化和再生的组合影响。然而，在夏末锌和铁含量较低的情况下，镉在老涌流中的回落量略有增加。这项研究提供了现场痕量金属和大量营养素数据，支持过去的实验室研究，表明复杂的生物相互作用是痕量金属分布和海洋生物地球化学循环的关键控制。

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