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首页> 外文期刊>Marine Chemistry >The analysis of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in sea ice: Dry-crushing and melting using stable isotope additions
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The analysis of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in sea ice: Dry-crushing and melting using stable isotope additions

机译：海冰中二甲基硫醚和丙酸二甲基磺酸酯的分析：使用稳定的同位素添加进行干式破碎和熔融

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摘要

Sea ice is thought to be an important source of the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), since extremely high concentrations of its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) have been found associated with high algal biomass. Accurate measurements of DMS and associated compounds in sea ice were until now not possible due to difficulties associated with the unavoidable melting process before analysis. Here we present and evaluate two methods to analyze DMS and DMSP in sea-ice cores accurately. The first, describes the dry-crushing method, which has its focus on the volatile compound DMS. A sub-sample of deeply frozen (<-30 ℃) ice is crushed in a stainless steel vessel and the released gas phase is analyzed directly for DMS. The remaining ice is subsequently analyzed for its total DMSP content. With this method, DMS and DMSP profiles can be resolved even in ice cores stored deeply frozen for two years. The second method, involves a melting procedure, during which the conversion of compounds is monitored by adding differently deuterated isotopes of DMS and DMSP. Natural concentrations and stable isotopes of DMS and DMSP are simultaneously analyzed on a Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS). Loss and conversion rates of the artificial isotopes are used to reconstruct the original concentrations of DMS and DMSP in ice and give important information on potential dynamical processes in sea-ice communities. It is concluded that in stored cores, the dry-crushing method provides the best results when the aim of the study is to differentiate between DMS and DMSP. When direct processing and analysis of the samples is possible, the isotope-addition method has the potential of providing concentrations of all S-compounds, including dissolved and paniculate fractions. Moreover, it is suitable for the determination of process rates within the S-cycle.
机译：海冰被认为是具有气候活性的气体二甲基硫醚（DMS）的重要来源，因为已经发现其高浓度的前体二甲基磺基丙酸二甲酯（DMSP）与高藻类生物量有关。由于分析之前不可避免的融化过程带来的困难，到目前为止，尚无法对海冰中的DMS及其相关化合物进行准确的测量。在这里，我们提出并评估两种方法来准确地分析海冰芯中的DMS和DMSP。首先，描述了干式破碎方法，其重点是挥发性化合物DMS。将深度冷冻（<-30℃）冰的子样品在不锈钢容器中压碎，并直接对释放出的气相进行DMS分析。随后分析剩余冰的总DMSP含量。使用这种方法，即使在深冻保存两年的冰芯中，也可以解析DMS和DMSP配置文件。第二种方法涉及熔化过程，在熔化过程中，通过添加DMS和DMSP的不同氘代同位素来监测化合物的转化。在质子转移反应质谱仪（PTR-MS）上同时分析DMS和DMSP的自然浓度和稳定同位素。人造同位素的损失和转化率用于重建冰中DMS和DMSP的原始浓度，并提供有关海冰群落潜在动力学过程的重要信息。结论是，当研究的目的是区分DMS和DMSP时，干式破碎法可提供最佳结果。当可以直接处理和分析样品时，同位素加法有可能提供所有S化合物的浓度，包括溶解的部分和颗粒部分。此外，它适用于确定S循环内的处理速率。

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  • 来源
    《Marine Chemistry》 |2012年第2012期|p.34-43|共10页
  • 作者

    Jacqueline Stefels; Gauthier Carnat; John W.H. Dacey; Thomas Goossens; J. Theo M. Elzenga; Jean-Louis Tison;

  • 作者单位

    University of Croningen, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies (CEES), P.O. Box 1 1103,9700 CC Croningen, The Netherlands;

    Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Claciologie, 50 Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium;

    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543-1050. USA;

    Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Claciologie, 50 Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium;

    University of Croningen, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies (CEES), P.O. Box 1 1103,9700 CC Croningen, The Netherlands;

    Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Claciologie, 50 Av. F.D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    sea ice; methodology; sulfur compounds; DMS; DMSP; ice algae; climate;

    机译：海冰;方法;硫化合物;DMS;DMSP;冰藻气候;

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