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首页> 外文期刊>Marine Chemistry >Dynamics of zero-valent sulfur species including polysulfides at seep sites on intertidal sand flats (Wadden Sea, North Sea)
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Dynamics of zero-valent sulfur species including polysulfides at seep sites on intertidal sand flats (Wadden Sea, North Sea)

机译：潮间带沙滩（瓦登海，北海）渗流点的零价硫物种（包括多硫化物）的动力学

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Zero-valent sulfur species dynamics in tidal flat pools of Wadden Sea (North Sea) were studied. Concentrations of solid sulfur, colloidal sulfur of different particle sizes and distribution of inorganic polysulfide species were detected near the bottom of different pools as a function of time after detachment of the pool from sea. Concentrations of these species were detected also in the incubated sediment cores taken from the same site with the pμMping of anoxic seawater, anoxic seawater spiked with sulfide and anoxic seawater spiked with lactate. Sulfide concentration in the pool increased during the first 2 h of pool detachment from the sea to a maximμM of 273 μM. Polysulfides were present at the beginning of the detachment of the pool and higher concentrations of elemental sulfur and polysulfides lead to more rapid coagulation and precipitation of dispersed solid sulfur. The process of the formation of zero-valent sulfur began with the formation of polysulfides and colloidal sulfur with a particle size less than 5 μm. Further coagulation led to an increase in the amount of colloidal sulfur with the particle size more than 5 μm followed by crystallization of solid sulfur particles. MaximμM concentration of colloidal sulfur detected in the pools was 73 μM and that of solid sulfur was 25 μM. MaximμM concentration of the sμM of all polysulfide species measured was 5.9 μM, which corresponded to 23.1 μM of detected polysulfide sulfur or to 27.7 μM of polysulfide sulfur taking into account the calculated concentrations of species with concentration under detection limit. Polythionates were not detected. Levels of total zero-valent sulfur usually reached the value of 40 μM, but can be even higher than 100 μM. This depended on the overall concentration of sulfide. In the tidal pools, polysulfide chain lengths were short and the polysulfide system was found not to be in equilibriμM with solid or colloidal sulfur at any time of pool detachment from sea. Flow-through incubation experiments, however, exhibited polysulfide in equilibriμM with respect to rhombic sulfur. No difference in the polysulfide speciation was observed in experiments where sulfide was artificially added and sulfide was produced through enhanced bacterial sulfate reduction. The differences were attributed to the kinetics and to competing oxidation processes present in the exposed Wadden Sea tidal pools as compared to the longer running and more restricted incubation experiments.
机译：研究了瓦登海（北海）滩涂池中的零价硫物种动态。在不同的池底附近检测到固体硫，不同粒径的胶体硫的浓度以及无机多硫化物种类的分布随池从海中分离后随时间的变化而变化。在同一个地点的孵化沉积物核心中也检测到了这些物种的浓度，其中pμMping的是缺氧海水，掺有硫化物的缺氧海水和掺有乳酸盐的缺氧海水。池中的硫化物浓度在池从海中脱离的最初2小时内增加到最大273μM。在池分离开始时存在多硫化物，并且较高浓度的元素硫和多硫化物导致更快速的凝结和分散的固体硫的沉淀。零价硫的形成过程始于粒径小于5μm的多硫化物和胶态硫的形成。进一步的凝结导致粒径大于5μm的胶态硫含量增加，随后固体硫颗粒结晶。池中检测到的MaximumμM胶态硫浓度为73μM，固态硫为25μM。测得的所有多硫化物物种的sμM的最大μM浓度为5.9μM，考虑到计算出的物种浓度低于检测极限，对应于检测到的23.1μM的多硫化物硫或27.7μM的多硫化物硫。未检测到多硫酸盐。总的零价硫水平通常达到40μM，但甚至可以高于100μM。这取决于硫化物的总浓度。在潮汐池中，多硫化物的链长很短，并且在池从海上脱离的任何时候都发现多硫化物系统与固体或胶体硫不处于平衡状态。然而，流通式温育实验显示，相对于菱形硫而言，多硫化物的平衡浓度为M。在人工添加硫化物并通过增强细菌硫酸盐还原作用产生硫化物的实验中，未观察到多硫化物形态的差异。与更长的运行时间和更严格的孵化实验相比，差异归因于暴露于瓦登海潮汐池中的动力学和竞争性氧化过程。

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