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Carbonate ion concentrations in seawater: Spectrophotometric determination at ambient temperatures and evaluation of propagated calculation uncertainties

机译：海水中的碳酸根离子浓度：环境温度下的分光光度测定和传播的计算不确定度的评估

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摘要

In ocean waters, the carbonate ion is of crucial importance to benthic and pelagic organisms that build their physical support structures out of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Marine carbonate ion concentrations ([CO32-]) are measurable through spectrophotometric observations of the ultraviolet (UV) light absorbed by lead carbonate in Pb-enriched seawater, but previous characterizations of the UV-absorption model were applicable only at a fixed temperature of 25 degrees C. In this paper, the model is extended to a temperature range of 3 to 40 degrees C and a salinity range of 20 to 40. This advancement allows for determinations of [CO32-] with temperature measurement rather than temperature control, thus decreasing the required financial investment and instrumental complexity. The extended model also represents a significant step toward the development of automated inline or in situ [CO32-] sensors and promotes the utility of [CO32-] as a fifth measured variable for inclusion in studies of the marine carbon dioxide (CO2) system. A quantitative evaluation of propagated uncertainties in CO2 system calculations based on measured [CO32-] as an input variable was also performed. The results show that total dissolved inorganic carbon (C-T) and total alkalinity (A(T)) are the most suitable measurable variables to pair with measured [CO32-] as input to such calculations. Pairing [CO32-] with the partial pressure of CO2 yields relatively low uncertainty in calculated pH - comparable to that resulting from conventional input pairs - but relatively high uncertainties in calculated A(T) and C-T. Pairing [CO32-] with pH results in relatively high uncertainties in all calculated variables. CaCO3 saturation states (Omega) determined from measured [CO32-] (alone) can circumvent some sources of uncertainty inherent to conventional (two-variable) calculations. Simpler, more direct ways of measuring [CO32-] open up new opportunities for marine researchers and others interested in monitoring CaCO3 saturation states in seawater.
机译：在海水中，碳酸根离子对于由碳酸钙（CaCO3）建立其物理支撑结构的底栖生物和浮游生物至关重要。可以通过分光光度法观察富集铅的海水中碳酸铅吸收的紫外线（UV）来测量海洋碳酸盐离子的浓度（[CO32-]），但以前的紫外线吸收模型的特征仅适用于固定温度25在本文中，将模型扩展到3至40摄氏度的温度范围和20至40的盐度范围。此进展允许通过温度测量而非温度控制来确定[CO32-]，从而降低了所需的财务投资和工具的复杂性。扩展模型还代表了自动在线或原位[CO32-]传感器开发的重要一步，并促进了[CO32-]作为第五种测量变量的实用性，可用于海洋二氧化碳（CO2）系统的研究。还对基于测得的[CO32-]作为输入变量的CO2系统计算中传播的不确定性进行了定量评估。结果表明，总溶解无机碳（C-T）和总碱度（A（T））是与测量的[CO32-]配对的最合适的可测量变量，作为此类计算的输入。将[CO32-]与CO2的分压配对会产生相对较低的不确定pH值-与传统输入对产生的不确定度相当-但相对较高的不确定度A（T）和C-T。将[CO32-]与pH配对会导致所有计算变量的不确定性相对较高。由测得的[CO32-]（单独）确定的CaCO3饱和状态（Omega）可以绕开某些常规（两变量）计算固有的不确定性来源。更简单，更直接的测量[CO32-]的方法为海洋研究人员和其他有兴趣监测海水中CaCO3饱和状态的人们提供了新的机会。

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  • 来源
    《Marine Chemistry》 |2019年第20期|70-80|共11页
  • 作者

    Sharp Jonathan D.; Byrne Robert H.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA;

    Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA;

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