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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Trophic structure and chemosynthesis contributions to heterotrophic fauna inhabiting an abyssal whale carcass
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Trophic structure and chemosynthesis contributions to heterotrophic fauna inhabiting an abyssal whale carcass

机译：营养结构和化学合成对居住在深海鲸鱼cas体中的异养动物群的贡献

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The trophic structure and role of chemo- synthesis remain unexplored in deep-sea whale-fall communities in areas other than the California margin. This gap limits the understanding of these communities and their ecological relationships with other chemosynthetic ecosystems, such as vents and seeps. Here, we studied 3 different whale skeleton microhabitats with hypothesized high, intermediate and low reducing conditions as well as the sediments surrounding an abyssal whale fall (4204 m depth, SW Atlantic Ocean). We analyzed trophic structures (delta C-13 and delta N-13) and the contribution of chemosynthetically derived carbon to heterotrophic species. The high and intermediate reducing microhabitats harbored food webs dominated by consumers of chemosynthetic production, similar to those of diffusive areas of hydrothermal vents and seeps. Both the low reducing microhabitat and the sediments harbored food webs with greater trophic complexity, dominated by higher consumers mainly relying on whale and/or photosynthesis-derived organic matter, a type of food web commonly reported in small whale, wood and kelp falls. The main whale-fall ecosystem engineer, the bone-eating worm Osedax, appeared to produce unique food web effects not observed in other chemosynthetic habitats. We conclude that whale falls provide the deep sea with a mosaic of microhabitats that supports assemblages with different chemosynthesis reliance levels and trophic structures, similar to those found at vents and seeps. Such a mosaic allows species-rich communities with numerous trophic levels to develop in a very small area of the food-limited deep sea.
机译：在加利福尼亚边缘以外的地区，深海鲸鱼降落社区的化学结构和营养合成的营养结构尚待探索。这种差距限制了对这些群落及其与其他化学合成生态系统（如通风孔和渗水）的生态关系的理解。在这里，我们研究了3种不同的鲸鱼骨架微生境，它们具有假定的高，中，低还原条件，以及深海鲸鱼坠落（4204 m深度，西南大西洋）周围的沉积物。我们分析了营养结构（δC-13和δN-13）以及化学合成衍生的碳对异养物种的贡献。高和中度减少的微生境具有食物网，其化学合成生产的消费者占主导地位，类似于热液喷口和渗漏的扩散区域。低还原微生境和沉积物都带有营养网复杂的食物网，主要由鲸鱼和/或光合作用衍生的有机物（主要是小鲸鱼，木材和海带坠落引起的这种食物网）所占据的食物网较高。捕鲸者的主要生态系统工程师是食骨头的蠕虫Osedax，似乎产生了其他化学合成栖息地所没有的独特食物网效应。我们得出的结论是，鲸鱼瀑布为深海提供了微生境的马赛克，这些微生境支持具有不同化学合成依赖水平和营养结构的组合，类似于在通风孔和渗漏处发现的组合。这样的马赛克使得在营养有限的深海中很小的区域内就能发展出具有丰富营养水平的物种丰富的社区。

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