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River plume fronts and their implications for the biological production of the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean

机译：河羽流锋及其对印度洋孟加拉湾生物生产的影响

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摘要

Fronts are the physical interface between water masses of distinct hydrographic characteristics and are ubiquitous features of the Bay of Bengal (BoB). They form as a result of receiving high freshwater runoff from many large rivers, but their biological characteristics are mostly unexamined. We determined the distribution of fronts in the BoB during the fall intermonsoon period and examined the physicochemical couplings in the frontal regions and their concomitant effect on biological production. In situ sea surface salinity (SSS) gradients were used to delineate the fronts (threshold of 0.01 psu km-1), and 2 frontal zones with a cross-frontal SSS difference of 1-3 psu were identified. River discharge played a more significant role than direct precipitation in the frontogenesis of this ecosystem. These narrow 3-dimensional boundaries were characterized by a higher nutrient replenishment than in the contiguous non-front zones, and had a higher phytoplankton production. The highest accumulation of zooplankton biomass in water masses of intermediate salinity (31-33 psu) in the frontal regions resulted from the higher food availability and congregation by hydrodynamic convergences.
机译：前沿是具有不同水文特征的水团之间的物理界面，并且是孟加拉湾（BoB）的普遍特征。它们的形成是从许多大河中获得高淡水径流的结果，但它们的生物学特性大多未经检验。我们确定了秋季中风期间BoB前沿的分布，并研究了额叶区域的理化耦合及其对生物生产的伴随影响。用原位海面盐度（SSS）梯度来描绘锋面（阈值0.01 psu km-1），并确定了2个跨界的SSS差异为1-3 psu的锋区。在这种生态系统的前生过程中，河水排放比直接降水起着更重要的作用。这些狭窄的3维边界的特点是营养补充量高于连续的非前沿区域，并且浮游植物的产量更高。额叶中度盐度（31-33 psu）的水体中浮游动物生物量的最高积累是由于水动力收敛使食物供应量增加和聚集。

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