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Spatial ecology of Carcharias taurus in the northwestern Mid-Atlantic coastal ocean

机译：西北大西洋中部沿海海洋金龟属的空间生态

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The sand tiger shark Carcharias taurus is a highly migratory coastal species with declining populations worldwide. This species exhibits many behaviors that make coastal sharks difficult to manage, including aggregatory behavior, sexual segregation, and large-scale migrations through shallow coastal waters with many opportunities for human interactions. Sand tigers from the Western North Atlantic subpopulation are known to seasonally inhabit Delaware Bay and surrounding coastal waters. This region has been recommended as a habitat area of particular concern for the Western North Atlantic sand tiger population, and increased understanding of their movements and habitat requirements will facilitate management efforts. We developed models to predict sand tiger occupancy using spatially dynamic environmental predictors. Our models predicted sand tiger (juveniles, adult males, adult females, and all sharks combined) occurrences in 2 study regions, the Delaware Bay and the western Mid-Atlantic coastal ocean. Sea surface temperature, day of year, water depth, and remote sensing reflectance at 555 nm were the most important environmental predictors of occurrence, and correctly predicted 80-89% of sand tiger acoustic telemetry records in the 2 study regions. Our models predicted differences in the timing and location of occurrences among juveniles and adults, as well as areas where these life history stages overlap in the Mid-Atlantic coastal ocean. Our hope is that a daily forecast of sand tiger occurrence from our modeling efforts could be useful for conservation and management efforts in this important region, as well as for studying the spatial and behavioral ecology of this important top predator.
机译：沙虎鲨（Carcharias taurus）是高度迁徙的沿海物种，全球人口在下降。该物种表现出许多行为，使沿海鲨鱼难以管理，包括聚集行为，性隔离和通过浅海沿岸的大规模迁徙，这给人类带来了许多互动机会。来自北大西洋西部亚种群的沙虎在季节性栖息于特拉华湾和周围沿海水域。该区域被推荐为北大西洋西部沙虎种群特别关注的栖息地，对它们的活动和栖息地要求的进一步了解将有助于管理工作。我们开发了使用空间动态环境预测器预测沙虎占用的模型。我们的模型预测了特拉华湾和中大西洋西部沿海两个研究区域中沙虎（少年，成年雄性，成年雌性和所有鲨鱼的总和）的发生率。海洋表面温度，一年中的每一天，水深和555 nm处的遥感反射率是最重要的环境预测指标，并且可以正确预测这两个研究区域沙虎声遥测记录的80-89％。我们的模型预测了青少年和成年人以及这些生活史阶段在中大西洋沿海海洋中重叠的地区在发生时间和地点上的差异。我们希望通过我们的建模工作对沙虎的发生进行每日预报，对于该重要地区的保护和管理工作以及研究这一重要捕食者的空间和行为生态都可能有用。

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