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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Changes in metabolic rate of spiny lobster under predation risk
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Changes in metabolic rate of spiny lobster under predation risk

机译：捕食风险下刺龙虾代谢率的变化

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Animals exposed to high levels of predation risk may exhibit a variety of changes in life history, behaviour, physiology and morphology that can affect survival. Under predation threat, prey individuals may increase their aerobic metabolism to allocate energy toward escaping behaviours (e.g. 'fight or flight'), although the associated energetic cost of such behaviour remains largely unknown. Lobsters display different anti-predatory responses, such as sheltering and/or escaping, but the underlying energetic cost of such responses has not been examined. Here, we tested the aerobic metabolic response of southern rock lobsters Jasus edwardsii in the presence of predator (Maori octopus Octopus maorum) olfactory cues (kairomones) using open-flow respirometry. We examined the routine metabolic rate of lobsters in response to predator kairomones during the active phase of their diurnal cycle (at night) to investigate the physiological anti-predator response when lobsters are most vulnerable. Our findings revealed that lobsters strongly reduced their routine metabolism for 3 h by 31.4 % when exposed to kairomones in comparison to controls. Our findings suggest that under laboratory conditions, lobsters exposed to predation risk during the night reduce their activity to avoid predators, i.e. the anti-predator mechanism is to be immobile or inactive rather than showing a fight-or-flight response. Lobster immobility may be an energetically advantageous anti-predator response in the short term; however, prolonged or regular predator exposure could have significant consequences on foraging time and foraging area, with an overall impact on lobster performance, particularly in environments with high predator presence such as fishing grounds.
机译：面临高捕食风险的动物可能会出现生活史，行为，生理和形态方面的多种变化，从而影响生存。在被捕食威胁下，被捕食的个体可能会增加有氧代谢，从而为逃避行为（例如“战斗或逃跑”）分配能量，尽管这种行为的相关能量成本仍然未知。龙虾表现出不同的反掠夺性反应，例如庇护和/或逃逸，但尚未检查此类反应的潜在能量消耗。在这里，我们使用开放式呼吸测定法，在捕食者（毛利人章鱼章鱼）嗅觉线索（海洛酮）存在下，测试了南部龙虾Jasus edwardsii的需氧代谢反应。我们研究了龙虾在其昼夜周期的活跃阶段（夜间）对捕食者海洛酮的响应的常规代谢率，以研究龙虾最易受到伤害时的生理抗捕食者响应。我们的发现表明，与对照相比，龙虾在暴露于海洛酮中后3小时内的常规代谢能力大大降低了31.4％。我们的发现表明，在实验室条件下，夜间处于捕食风险的龙虾会降低其活动能力，以避开捕食者，即抗捕食者机制应是不动或不活动的，而不是表现出战斗或逃避的反应。在短期内，龙虾不动可能是在能量上有利的反捕食者反应。但是，长期或定期捕食天敌会给觅食时间和觅食面积带来重大影响，对龙虾的性能产生整体影响，特别是在捕食者数量多的环境中，例如渔场。

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