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Factors controlling the seasonal distribution of pelagic Sargassum

机译：控制远洋浮游藻季节分布的因素

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摘要

Pelagic Sargassum (S. fluitans and S. natans) is endemic to the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic, where it provides habitat for a diverse and economically important ecosystem. Here, we investigate what controls the Sargassum seasonal distribution using a coupled modelling approach that integrates output from a data-assimilating 1/12 degrees HYCOM simulation, a 1/4 degrees coupled HYCOM-biogeochemical model, and individual-based Lagrangian Sargassum growth models. Passively advected, buoyant particles with no Sargassum physiology aggregate in the central North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre at annual time scales and do not show distributions consistent with satellite observations of Sargassum. However, at shorter time scales, advection alone can explain up to 60% of the following month observed distribution during some periods of the year. Connectivity between the tropical Atlantic and Sargasso Sea is largely one-way, with the Sargasso Sea acting as a 'dead end' for Sargassum. Adding growth, mortality and a simple formulation of reproduction through fragmentation to the passive advection of Sargassum particles generates distributions that match observations with 65 to 75% accuracy across all seasons. Incorporating both ocean circulation and Sargassum physiology appears to be key in successfully reproducing the seasonal distribution of biomass. We propose a conceptual model of the Sargassum seasonal cycle that incorporates new information about a population in the tropical Atlantic. Additionally, we suggest that the Gulf of Mexico and Western Tropical Atlantic are regions whose Sargassum populations may disproportionately influence the basin-wide biomass.
机译：远洋Sargassum（S。fluitans和S. natans）是热带和亚热带北大西洋的特有种，在那里它为多样化且具有重要经济意义的生态系统提供了栖息地。在这里，我们研究了使用耦合建模方法来控制Sargassum季节分布的方法，该方法将数据同化的1/12度HYCOM模拟，1/4度耦合的HYCOM生物地球化学模型和基于个体的拉格朗日Sargassum生长模型的输出进行了集成。在年度时间尺度上，被动平流的没有浮游动物生理学的浮力粒子聚集在北大西洋中亚热带的中部，并且没有显示出与卫星观测到的浮游生物一致的分布。但是，在较短的时间范围内，仅对流就能解释一年中某些时期下个月观察到的分布的60％。热带大西洋和Sargasso海之间的连通性基本上是单向的，而Sargasso海则是Sargassum的“死胡同”。通过破碎对Sargassum颗粒的被动对流增加生长，死亡率和简单的繁殖方式，可以使分布与整个季节的观测值相匹配，准确度达到65％到75％。结合海洋环流和马尾藻生理学似乎是成功繁殖生物量季节性分布的关键。我们提出了Sargassum季节周期的概念模型，该模型结合了有关热带大西洋人口的新信息。此外，我们建议墨西哥湾和西部热带大西洋是马尾藻种群可能不成比例地影响整个盆地生物量的地区。

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