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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Increased early offspring growth can offset the costs of long-distance spawning migration in fish
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Increased early offspring growth can offset the costs of long-distance spawning migration in fish

机译：后代早期生长的增加可以抵消鱼类长距离产卵迁移的成本

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For long-distance migrations to pay off for individual fish, the energetic costs must be counterbalanced by benefits. Understanding the fitness trade-offs associated with migration is essential for our ability to sustainably manage migratory species. Here, we investigated such trade-offs associated with the spawning migration of Northeast Arctic cod Gadus morhua, a stock of high historical and commercial value known to be able to migrate more than 1000 km southward to reach suitable spawning grounds. Reaching the more distant spawning grounds requires more energy and hence leaves less energy available for processes such as egg production. Previous studies have indicated that increased larval survival (e.g. from rapid early development in warmer southern waters) may offset the parental costs of migration. However, it was suggested that spatial variability in survival of early life stages might cancel out this survival benefit. As an alternative, we ask if the fitness benefit of long-distance migration may reside in increased offspring growth. Using an integral projection model incorporating effects of body length and migration distance, we quantified the increase in offspring growth needed to offset parental costs of long-distance migration on fitness. Our results suggest that a 12.5% length in crease of juvenile cod is required to offset parental costs of long-distance migration. This is within the estimated growth benefit of 20% suggested by drift models of early life stages of cod. These results highlight the potential importance of offspring growth as another factor explaining the benefit of longdistance migration, broadening our knowledge on spawning migration.
机译：为了使长途迁徙能够获得单条鱼的回报，必须用收益来抵消高昂的成本。了解与迁移相关的适应性折衷对于我们可持续管理迁徙物种的能力至关重要。在这里，我们研究了与东北北极鳕鱼Gadus morhua的产卵迁徙相关的权衡取舍，该种群具有很高的历史和商业价值，已知能够向南迁徙1000多公里，以到达合适的产卵场。到达较远的产卵场需要更多的能量，因此留给生产蛋等过程的能量更少。先前的研究表明，幼虫存活率的提高（例如，在较温暖的南部水域快速早期发育）可能抵消了父母的迁移成本。但是，有人建议，早期生命阶段生存的空间变异性可能会抵消这种生存优势。作为替代方案，我们询问长距离迁徙的适应性好处是否可能在于增加后代的生长。使用整合了体长和迁徙距离影响的积分投影模型，我们量化了后代生长所需的增长，以抵消长途迁徙对父母的适应性造成的影响。我们的结果表明，需要增加12.5％的鳕鱼幼体长度来抵消父母的长途迁徙费用。这在鳕鱼早期生命阶段的漂移模型所建议的估计20％的增长效益之内。这些结果突显了后代生长的潜在重要性，这是解释长距离迁徙的好处的另一个因素，从而扩大了我们对产卵迁徙的认识。

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