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Sex differences in individual foraging site fidelity of Campbell albatross

机译：坎贝尔信天翁个体觅食部位保真度的性别差异

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Inter-individual variation in behavioural traits has important implications for evolutionary and ecological processes. Site fidelity, where individuals consistently use the same foraging site, is common among marine predators. Sex differences in foraging are also well studied in marine vertebrates, but the extent to which consistent inter-individual differences in foraging vary between the sexes is poorly known. Here we quantified the effects of sex on individual foraging site fidelity (IFSF), both within and between years, in chick-brooding Campbell albatross Thalassarche impavida. Using bird-borne global positioning system loggers, we calculated route fidelity (nearest-neighbour distance), repeatability of site fidelity (terminal latitude and longitude), and foraging effort (total distance travelled and trip duration) during 2 to 10 repeat trips. Overall, Campbell albatrosses showed a high degree of site fidelity. Birds travelled to similar sites not only within the same year, but also between 2 consecutive years, suggesting that the within-year consistency is not simply in response to short-term patches of food. Moreover, within the same year, we found differences in terms of IFSF between the sexes. Females that foraged closer to the colony in neritic and shelf waters were more likely to follow similar routes on repeated foraging trips and were more consistent in their foraging effort than males. Males that foraged further offshore in pelagic waters had more repeatable foraging longitudes than females. Our study provides further evidence of the importance of IFSF among marine vertebrates. However, it also reveals that the strength of such specialisations may vary with sex.
机译：行为特征的个体间差异对进化和生态过程具有重要意义。在海洋捕食者中，个体始终如一地使用相同的觅食场所的场所保真度很常见。在海洋脊椎动物中，觅食中的性别差异也得到了很好的研究，但是，性别之间一致的个体间觅食差异变化的程度却鲜为人知。在这里，我们定量分析了雏鸟育成的金宝信天翁（Campbell albatross Thalassarche impavida）在几年内和几年之间性别对个体觅食部位保真度（IFSF）的影响。使用鸟类携带的全球定位系统记录器，我们计算了2到10次重复旅行中的路线保真度（最近的邻居距离），站点保真度的重复性（终端纬度和经度）以及觅食力（旅行的总距离和旅行时间）。总体而言，金宝信天翁具有很高的位点保真度。鸟类不仅在同一年内而且连续两年间都前往相似的地点，这表明年内一致性不仅是对短期食物的响应。此外，在同一年内，我们发现男女之间在IFSF方面存在差异。在硬水域和陆架水域中较接近殖民地觅食的雌性在重复觅食旅行中更可能遵循相似的路线，并且比男性更容易觅食。在中上层海域进一步觅食的雄性比雌性具有更高的可重复觅食经度。我们的研究为IFSF在海洋脊椎动物中的重要性提供了进一步的证据。但是，这也表明此类专业的实力可能会随着性别而变化。

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