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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Population genetic structure in European lobsters: implications for connectivity, diversity and hatchery stocking
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Population genetic structure in European lobsters: implications for connectivity, diversity and hatchery stocking

机译：欧洲龙虾的种群遗传结构：对连通性，多样性和孵化场放养的影响

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摘要

The European lobster Homarus gammarus is a marine crustacean prized for seafood, but populations across its range are threatened by fishery overexploitation. The species' larval stages are planktonic, suggesting considerable dispersal among populations. The potential threats of overexploitation and erosion of population structure due to hatchery releases or inadvertent introductions make it important to understand the genetic structuring of populations across multiple geographic scales. Here we assess lobster population structure at a fine scale in Cornwall, southwestern UK, where a hatchery-stocking operation introduces cultured individuals into the wild stock, and at a broader European level, in order to compare the spatial scale of hatchery releases with that of population connectivity. Microsatellite genotypes of 24 individuals from each of 13 locations in Cornwall showed no fine-scale population structure across distances of up to similar to 230 km. Significant differentiation and isolation by distance were detected at a broader scale, using 300 additional individuals comprising a further 15 European samples. Signals of genetic heterogeneity were evident between an Atlantic cluster and samples from Sweden. Connectivity within the Atlantic and Swedish clusters was high, although evidence for isolation by distance and a transitional zone within the eastern North Sea suggested that direct gene exchange between these stocks is limited and fits a stepping-stone model. We conclude that hatchery-reared lobsters should not be released where broodstock are distantly sourced but, using Cornwall as a case study, microsatellites revealed no evidence that the normal release of hatchery stock exceeds the geographic scale of natural connectivity.
机译：欧洲龙虾Homarus gammarus是海洋甲壳类动物，以海鲜而著称，但其整个范围的种群受到渔业过度开发的威胁。该物种的幼虫阶段是浮游的，表明在种群之间有相当大的分散。由于孵化场的释放或疏忽引进而造成过度开发和人口结构侵蚀的潜在威胁，因此了解跨多个地理尺度的种群遗传结构非常重要。在这里，我们在英国西南部的康沃尔郡（Cornwall）以较细的规模评估了龙虾种群结构，在那里，一个孵化场放养行动将养殖个体引入了野生种群，并在更广泛的欧洲水平上进行了比较，以便比较孵化场释放的空间规模与人口连通性。来自康沃尔郡13个地点的每个地点的24个个体的微卫星基因型在长达230 km的距离上都没有精细的种群结构。使用300个其他个体（包括另外15个欧洲样本），在更广泛的范围内检测到了显着的分化和远距离隔离。大西洋群和瑞典样本之间存在明显的遗传异质性信号。大西洋和瑞典集群之间的连通性很高，尽管有证据表明北洋东部之间存在距离隔离和过渡带隔离，这表明这些种群之间的直接基因交换是有限的，并且符合垫脚石模型。我们得出的结论是，孵化场饲养的龙虾不应该在亲鱼来源较远的地方放出，但以康沃尔郡为例，微卫星显示没有证据表明孵化场种群的正常释放超出了自然连通性的地理范围。

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