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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Competitive interactions moderate the effects of elevated temperature and atmospheric CO_2 on the health and functioning of oysters
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Competitive interactions moderate the effects of elevated temperature and atmospheric CO_2 on the health and functioning of oysters

机译：竞争相互作用减轻了高温和大气CO_2对牡蛎健康和功能的影响

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Global increases in sea temperatures and atmospheric concentrations of CO2 may affect the health of calcifying shellfish. Little is known, however, about how competitive inter actions within and between species may influence how species respond to multiple stressors. We experimentally assessed separate and combined effects of temperature (12 or 16 degrees C) and atmospheric CO2 concentrations (400 and 1000 ppm) on the health and biological functioning of native (Ostrea edulis) and invasive (Crassostrea gigas) oysters held alone and in intraspecific or inter specific mixtures. We found evidence of reduced phagocytosis under elevated CO2 and, when combined with increased temperature, a reduction in the number of circulating haemocytes. Generally, C. gigas showed lower respiration rates relative to O. edulis when the species were in intraspecific or interspecific mixtures. In contrast, O. edulis showed a higher respiration rate relative to C. gigas when held in an interspecific mixture and exhibited lower clearance rates when held in intraspecific or interspecific mixtures. Overall, clearance rates of C. gigas were consistently greater than those of O. edulis. Collectively, our findings indicate that a species' ability to adapt metabolic processes to environmental conditions can be modified by biotic context and may make some species (here, C. gigas) competitively superior and less vulnerable to future climatic scenarios at local scales. If these conclusions are generic, the relative role of species interactions, and other biotic parameters, in altering the outcomes of climate change will require much greater research emphasis.
机译：全球海水温度升高和大气中二氧化碳浓度升高，可能会影响钙化贝类的健康。然而，关于物种内部和物种之间的竞争性相互作用如何影响物种对多种应激源的反应知之甚少。我们通过实验评估了温度（12或16摄氏度）和大气中CO2浓度（400和1000 ppm）对单独和在种内的天然牡蛎（食用牡蛎）和侵入性牡蛎（牡蛎）的健康和生物功能的单独和综合影响或种间混合物。我们发现在升高的CO2下吞噬作用降低的证据，当与温度升高结合使用时，循环血细胞数量减少的证据。通常，当种在种内或种间混合物中时，C。gigas的呼吸速率相对于可食的O. edulis低。相反，当放入种间混合物中时，可食的O. edulis的呼吸速率相对于C. gigas更高，而当放入种内或种间混合物中时，则显示出较低的清除率。总体而言，C。gigas的清除率始终高于可食的O. edulis。总的来说，我们的发现表明，生物适应环境可以改变物种适应代谢过程的能力，这可能会使某些物种（此处为C. gigas）具有竞争优势，并且不易受到当地规模未来气候情景的影响。如果这些结论是通用的，物种相互作用和其他生物参数在改变气候变化结果中的相对作用将需要更大的研究重点。

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