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Enhanced pelagic biomass around coral atolls

机译：珊瑚礁周围的上层生物量增加

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摘要

Understanding the processes driving the distribution of mid-water prey such as euphausiids and lanternfish is important for effective management and conservation. In the vicinity of abrupt topographic features such as banks, seamounts and shelf-breaks, mid-water faunal biomass is often elevated, making these sites candidates for special protection. We investigated the spatial distribution of water column acoustic backscatter-a proxy for macrozoo plankton and fish biomass-in the 9 km transition zone between the pelagos and coral atolls in the Chagos Archipelago (6 degrees N, 72 degrees E). The purpose was to determine the magnitude and distance over which bathymetry may enhance biomass in the mid-water, and thereby identify the scale over which static topographic features could influence the open ocean. Two distinct sound scattering layers were identified, from the surface to 180 m and from 300 to 600 m, during daytime. Both layers exhibited significant increases in backscatter near features. Close to features, the shallow layer backscatter was ca. 100 times higher and was driven partly by increasing numbers of larger individuals, evident as single target echoes. We determine the regional scale of influence of features on pelagic biomass enhancement to be ca. 1.8 km in the Chagos Archipelago, and suggest possible ecological explanations that may support it. Our approach determining the scale of influence of bathymetry should be applied during the process of marine reserve design, in order to improve protection of mid-water fauna associated with topographical features, such as seamounts and coral reefs.
机译：了解推动中水猎物（如金鱼和灯笼鱼）分布的过程对于有效管理和保护很重要。在陡峭的地形特征（如河岸，海山和陆架断裂）附近，中层水域动物群的生物量通常会升高，使这些地点成为特殊保护的候选地。我们在Chagos群岛的佩尔戈斯和珊瑚环礁之间的9 km过渡带（北纬6度，东经72度）中调查了水柱声后向散射（大型浮游生物和鱼类生物量的替代物）的空间分布。目的是确定测深法可以增强中水生物量的幅度和距离，从而确定静态地形特征可以影响远洋的尺度。在白天，从表面到180 m和从300到600 m识别出两个不同的声音散射层。这两层都表现出特征附近的反向散射显着增加。靠近特征，浅层反向散射约为。高出100倍，部分原因是更大的个体数量增加，这表现为单个目标回声。我们确定特征对上层生物量增强的影响的区域规模为约。在查戈斯群岛（Chagos Archipelago）的1.8公里处，并提出可能的生态学解释来支持它。在海洋保护区设计过程中，应采用确定水深影响范围的方法，以改善对与地形特征相关的中层水域动物（如海山和珊瑚礁）的保护。

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  • 来源
    《Marine ecology progress series》 |2016年第21期|271-276|共6页
  • 作者

    Letessier Tom B.; Cox Martin J.; Meeuwig Jessica J.; Boersch-Supan Philipp H.; Brierley Andrew S.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Western Australia, Ctr Marine Futures, Oceans Inst, M470,35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia|Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England;

    Australian Antarctic Div, Channel Highway, Kingston, Tas 7050, Australia;

    Univ Western Australia, Ctr Marine Futures, Oceans Inst, M470,35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia|Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, M470,35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;

    Univ St Andrews, Pelag Ecol Res Grp, Scottish Oceans Inst, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland|Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England|Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA;

    Univ St Andrews, Pelag Ecol Res Grp, Scottish Oceans Inst, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Oceanic; Acoustic scatterers; Seamount; Tuna; Reserve; Coral reefs;

    机译：海洋;声散射;海山;金枪鱼;保护区;珊瑚礁;

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